Jämtland

Jämtland
Pozicija Jämtlanda na karti Švedske
U sastavu Švedske
Upravni oblik pokrajina
Površina 34009 km²
Stanovništvo 112.717
Gustoća 3 stanovnika na km²

Jämtland čita se Emtland (latinski: Lemptia) je jedna od 25 švedskih historijskih pokrajina (švedski: landskap) na zapadu zemlje, koja danas više nema nikakvu administrativnu funkciju, ali se njeni stanovnici još uvijek identificiraju sa njom.

Geografske karakteristike

Jämtland se proteže po unutašnjosti zemlje duž norveške granice, graniči sa pokrajinama Härjedalen i Medelpad na jugu, Ångermanland na istoku i Lapplandom na sjeveru.[1]

Jämtland ima površinu od 34 009 km²[2] na kojoj živi 112,717 stanovnika.

Danas njen teritorij administrativno podpada pod grofovije Jämtland, Västernorrland i Västerbotten.[2]

Jämtland je brdoviti kraj najviša planina Storsylen dosiže visinu od 1 743 metara.[2]

Teren na zapadu duž norveške granice se uzdiže do visine od 1762 metara), ali se na istoku spušta ispod 457 metara. Jämtland oplakuju rijeke Ljungan, Indalsälven, Ångerman i Ljusnan. Storsjön je najveće od brojnih jezera, njegove obale bile su naseljene još od predkršćanskih vremena.[1]

Historija

Karakteristika emtlandske historije bila je povezanost sa norveškim Trøndelagom i graničnim švedskim pokrajinama, ali i snažan osjećaj posebnosti u odnosu na oba susjeda. Zbog rasprostranjene seljačke trgovine Jämtland je ovisio o dobrim vezama u oba smjera.[3]

Jämtland je za antike i ranog srednjeg vijeka bio samostalna seljačka republika, sa vlastitim zakonima, ali bez neke čvršće centralizirane strukure. Otok - Frösön u Jezero Storsjön, bio je drevna prijestolnica tadašnjeg Jämtlanda, kao i mjesto žrtvenog hrama.[1]

Jämtland je prihvatio kršćanstvo negdje oko 1050, a negdje oko 1120., najkasnije 1178. podpao pod vlast Norveške.[3] Nakon tog je ostao pod norveškom vlašću za više od 450 godina (osim kratkog perioda 1563. - 1570.), sve dok 1645. nije ustupljen Švedskoj[1], ali je i nadalje poprilično dugo zadržao izvjestan oblik samouprave i neke posebne institute.

Privreda

Centar Jämtlanda je relativno plodna ravnica, tako da je tu koncentrirana poljoprivreda. Uzgoj muznih krava za mlijeko je glavna privredna grana, zajedno sa drvnoprerađivačkom industrijom i kamenolomima.[1]

Izvori

  1. 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 Jämtland (engleski). Encyclopædia Britannica. Pristupljeno 24. 04. 2015. 
  2. 2,0 2,1 2,2 Jämtland (švedski). Johmenvisst. Pristupljeno 24. 04. 2015. 
  3. 3,0 3,1 Historia (engleski). Nationalencyklopedin. Pristupljeno 24. 04. 2015. 

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