Grof Đorđe Branković

Đorđe Branković

Datum rođenja	1645.
Mesto rođenja	Jenopolje
Datum smrti	19. decembar 1711.
Mesto smrti	Heb
Poreklo
Dinastija	Brankovići
Porodica

Đorđe Branković (1645-1711) je bio transilvanijski grof i navodni daleki potomak srpske srednjevekovne vladarske porodice Brankovića.

1683. godine, u vreme dok su Turci opsedali Beč Branković je austrijskom caru Leopoldu I izložio ideju o stvaranju srpske države, na čijem bi čelu bio on kao legitimni naslednik srpskih despota. Branković je nameravao da uz austrijsku pomoć podigne Srbe na sveopšti ustanak protiv Turaka i da obnovi srpsku despotovinu koja bi sprečila dalje turske prodore u centralnu Evropu.^[1] U tu svrhu, austrijski car Leopold I, preko Ugarske dvorske kancelarije, je dodelio Brankoviću 20. septembra 1688. grofovsku titulu (titulu barona dobio je 7. juna 1683).

Srpski patrijarh Arsenije III Čarnojević je 5. maja 1688. godine uputio pismo Đorđu Brankoviću u kome mu šalje blagoslov i želje za uspeh njegove misije, kao vođe srpskog naroda i čuvara svetog prestola, nazivajući ga Bogoizabrani predvoditelj novoga Izrailja i Gospodar cele Srpske zemlje.^[2] Na osnovu pisma srpskog patrijarha i carskog priznanja, u Beču je vladalo uverenje da Đorđe Branković, kao potomak loze srpskih vladara, može uticati na podjarmljene Srbe da se dignu protiv Turaka i tako pomognu Veliki bečki rat (1683-1699). Međutim, kada su Turci uz srpsku pomoć potisnuti, Branković je počeo da predstavlja problem austrijskim vlastima.^[3] Po završetku rata sa Turcima, Branković je uhapšen u Kladovu 29. oktobra 1689, odakle je sproveden u Beč. Naredne 22 godine grof Đorđe Branković je držan u zatočeništvu, odakle je održavao veze sa srpskim glavarima.

Tokom svog zatočeništva Branković je održavao veze sa Isaijom Đakovićem, patrijarhom Arsenijem III Čarnojevićem, Jovanom Monastirlijom i drugima. Pomagao im je u sastavljanju zahteva austrijskim vlastima i imao važnu ulogu u srpsko-habzburškim pregovorima u vreme Velike seobe Srba 1690. godine. Srbi su od cara Leopolda tražili dozvolu da se nasele i da im garantuje crkveno-školsku autonomiju. Leopold je Srbima dozvolio da se nasele sve do Budima i Komorana i garantovao im je željenu autonomiju uz uslov da budu austrijski vojnici graničari.

Srbi su na saboru u Budimu, marta 1691. godine izabrali Brankovića za srpskog despota, pokazujući na taj način želju da, pored crkvenog, dobiju i svetovnog gospodara.^[4] Tražili su i da se pitanje Brankovićevo izvede na čisto, a dok to ne bude želeli su, da mu mogu izabrati zamenika. Brankoviću je bilo dozvoljeno da stanuje u hotelu, da prima kontrolisane posete i da se poluslobodno kreće, ali ga osloboditi sasvim nisu nikako hteli. Verujući da se postepeno približuje svom cilju on se smatrao kao neka vrsta gospodara i titulisao se kao "samodržavni despot zemlji slavenosrpskoj i vsego Ilirika", i to "milostiju božijeju".^[4] Pod uticajem Đorđa Brankovića Srbi su kasnije 1694. godine tražili i zasebnu teritoriju a ne samo versku autonomiju.^[5]

Umro je u zatočeništvu u Hebu 1711.

Izvori

↑ Velika Srbija (V. Ćorović)
↑ „Grof Đorđe Branković”. Arhivirano iz originala na datum 2009-09-30. Pristupljeno 2009-12-30.
↑ Milan Nedeljkov, Tragična sudbina grofa Brankovića^{[mrtav link]}
↑ ^4,0 ^4,1 Vladimir Ćorović, Istorija Srba, Velika seoba Srba u Austriju
↑ Jelka Ređep: Grof Đorđe Branković i usmeno predanje, izd. Prometej, Novi Sad 1990, 256 strana, ISBN 86-7639-004-5

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