Показатель нелинейности

Показатель нелинейности (индекс течения, показатель поведения жидкости) — степенной показатель в модели Оствальда де-Вилля. Данная модель описывает реологические свойства жидкости степенным уравнением, связывающим компоненты тензора напряжений и тензора скоростей деформаций.

Степенное уравнение имеет вид: , где  — компоненты девиатора тензора напряжений;  — показатель консистенции;  — второй инвариант тензора скоростей деформаций;  — показатель нелинейности;  — компоненты тензора скоростей деформаций.

Показатель нелинейности является безразмерным параметром. Жидкости, движение которых описывается степенным уравнением, в зависимости от значения показателя нелинейности, можно разделить на три группы:

  1. псевдопластические () — эффективная вязкость уменьшается при увеличении скоростей сдвига и стремится к бесконечности при нулевых скоростях;
  2. ньютоновские () — тензор напряжений и тензор скоростей деформаций линейно зависимы;
  3. дилатантные () — эффективная вязкость увеличивается при увеличении скоростей сдвига.

Литература

  • Пономарева М.А., Филина М.П., Якутенок В.А. Моделирование течений нелинейновязкой жидкости со свободной поверхностью методом граничных элементов. — Известия высших учебных заведений, 2013.

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