Нейкен, Юрис

Юрис Нейкен
латыш. Juris Neikens
Дата рождения 6 апреля 1826(1826-04-06)[1]
Место рождения
Дата смерти 13 июля 1868(1868-07-13)[1] (42 года)
Место смерти
Гражданство (подданство)
Образование
Род деятельности
писатель, педагог, пастор

Юрис Нейкен (латыш. Juris Neikens; 1826—1868) — латышский новеллист, духовный писатель и педагог, член Латышского литературного общества.

Биография

Юрис Нейкен родился 6 апреля 1826 года в семье зажиточного крестьянина на территории нынешнего Лимбажского края (Латвия)[2]. Получил образование в созданной Лифляндским рыцарством Вольмарской учительской семинарии.

Работал народным учителем, затем пастором. В 1850 году издал немецкую грамматику для латышей, выдержавшую много изданий[3].

Издавал журнал «Спутник» (лат. «Celá beedris»), собрал богатый материал для немецко-латышского словаря, изданного в 1880 году пастором Г. Браже[3].

Сочинял рассказы, песни и народные поучения в жанре Бертольда Ауербаха, которые были собраны в книге: «Jurra Neikena stasti, dzeesmas un gudribas macibas iz Cel’a Beedra» изданной в городе Риге в 1870 году[3].

Ю. Hейкен принадлежал к латышским писателям-народникам немецкой фракции. Его произведения, по оценке литовского этнографа и фольклориста Э. А. Вольтера, «отличаются чистотой народной речи и оригинальным юмором»[3]. После октябрьского переворота советская критика не жаловала писателя, так в «Литературной энциклопедии» (1929—1939) говорилось: «Грубая пасторская мораль, затхлая церковщина в произведениях Н. направлены к укреплению устоев помещичье-церковного господства». Однако время всё расставило по своим местам; после распада СССР и обретения Латвией независимости, писатель вновь занял подобающее место в истории становления латышской литературы.

Юрис Нейкен умер 13 июля 1868 года в местечке Умурга (Лимбажский край).

Примечания

  1. ↑ 1 2 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Record #143834568 // Gemeinsame Normdatei (нем.) — 2012—2016.
  2. ↑ Литературная энциклопедия (1929—1939)
  3. ↑ 1 2 3 4 Вольтер Э. А. Нейкен, Георг // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). — СПб., 1890—1907.

Литература

  • L. Adamovičs. Latvijas baznīcas vēsture. Nebraska, 1961, с 46.
  • Juris Neikens. Es viņu pazīstu. Biogrāfiskā arhīva apg., 1939. с 355.
  • Gunta Zvirbule. «Jura Neikena skolai - 125» Liesma - (2001).
  • «Magazin d. lett-lit. Ges.» (XIV, 2, 1869).

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