Тельце Меркеля

Тельца́ Ме́ркеля (или ди́ски Ме́ркеля) — медленно адаптирующиеся механорецепторы, имеющиеся у позвоночных и расположенные в коже и в слизистых оболочках. У птиц тельца Меркеля локализуются в дерме, у прочих позвоночных — в глубоких слоях эпидермиса[1].

Тельца Меркеля представляют собой крупные клетки овальной формы. Они воспринимают осязательные раздражения, возникающие при соприкосновении кожи с предметами окружающей среды, и передают их чувствительным клеткам спинальных ганглиев. Тельца располагаются преимущественно в особо чувствительных участках кожи (например, на поверхности губ) и окружены тончайшими окончаниями чувствительных нервов[1][2].

Впервые описаны в 1875 году немецким гистологом Фридрихом Меркелем[3] и исследовались в 1903 году русским учёным А. С. Догелем[4].

Примечания

  1. ↑ 1 2 Halata Z., Grim M., Baumann K. I.  Friedrich Sigmund Merkel and his “Merkel cell”, morphology, development, and physiology: Review and new results // The Anatomical Record, 2003, 271A (1). — P. 225—239. — doi:10.1002/ar.a.10029
  2. ↑ Halata Z., Baumann K. I., Grim M.  Merkel Nerve Endings Functioning as Mechanoreceptors in Vertebrates // The Merkel Cell: Structure — Development — Function — Cancerogenesis / Baumann K. I., Halata Z., Moll I. (Eds.). — Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Verlag, 2003. — xiv + 248 p. — ISBN 978-3-642-05574-4.. — P. 3—6.
  3. ↑ Merkel F.  Tastzellen und Tastkörperchen bei den Hausthieren und beim Menschen // Archiv für mikroskopische Anatomie, 1875, 11 (1, Supplement). — P. 636—652.
  4. ↑ Догель А. С.  Концевые нервные аппараты в коже человека // Записки Императорской академии наук. — 1903. — Т. 14, № 8. — С. 58—59.

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