Пружинная подвеска

Пружинная подвеска — подвеска автомобиля, в которой упругими элементами являются винтовые или тарельчатые пружины.^[1]

Пружины подвески могут иметь как линейную, так и нелинейную упругую характеристику на сжатие. При работе воспринимают только усилия, приложенные вдоль оси, поэтому при их использовании в подвеске таковая всегда должна иметь направляющие устройства рычажного или телескопического типов. При этом винтовые пружины сочетаются с любым типом зависимой и независимой подвесок и никак не определяют кинематику их направляющих устройств.^[2]^[3]

В качестве упругого элемента подвески передних и задних колёс пружины применяются на любых легковых автомобилях: дорожных, спортивных, гоночных и внедорожных. Являются практически единственно возможным типом упругого элемента на мотоциклах и прочих двухколёсных транспортных средствах. Применяются в подвесках тракторов и сельскохозяйственных машин. Не применяются на транспортных средствах с кратной разницей между снаряжённой и полной массами: автобусах, грузовых автомобилях, седельных тягачах.

См. также

Примечания

↑ ГОСТ 18667-73 . — С. 7. П.11 «Виды подвесок автомобиля», термин 91 «Пружинная подвеска».
↑ Автомобили . — С. 127. § 3.2 «Металлические упругие элементы», подраздел «Пружины».
↑ Шасси автомобиля: элементы подвески . — С. 215. § 2.3.3 «Винтовые пружины».

Литература

ГОСТ 18667-73. «Автомобили, основные агрегаты и механизмы. Термины и определения». — Москва: ИПК Издательство стандартов, 2005. — 12 с.
Гришкевич А.И., Ломако Д.М., Автушко В.П. — Автомобили: Конструкция, конструирование и расчёт. Системы управления и ходовая часть. — Минск: Вышэйшая школа, 1987. — 200 с.
Рампель, Йорнсен. — Шасси автомобиля: элементы подвески = Fahrwerktechnik: Federung Fahrwerkmechanic / пер. с нем. А. Л. Карпухин, научная редактура Г. Г. Гридасов. — Москва: Машиностроение, 1987. — 288 с.
Рампель, Йорнсен. — Шасси автомобиля: конструкция и кинематика = Fahrwerktechnik 1: Konstruktion und Kinematik / пер. с нем. В. П. Агапов, научная редактура И. Н. Зверев. — Москва: Машиностроение, 1983. — 356 с.

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