Пралидоксим

Пралидоксим
Изображение химической структуры
Химическое соединение
Брутто-формула C7H9N2O⁺
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внутривенное вливание, внутримышечно и подкожная инъекция[вд]
Логотип Викисклада Медиафайлы на Викискладе

Пралидокси́м[1] (1-метилпиридин-2-карбальдегидоксим) — реактиватор фермента ацетилхолинэстеразы (АХЭ), антидот фосфорорганических соединений (органофосфатные пестициды, инсектициды, а также БОВ нервно-паралитического действия, например зарин). Обычно используется в виде хлорида или иодида.

Показания

Отравление фосфорорганическими соединениями и передозировка ингибиторов АХЭ. Применяется после проведения (в случае необходимости) реанимационных мероприятий и введения атропина.

Механизм действия

Препарат высвобождает фосфорорганические вещества из соединений с ферментом АХЭ, обеспечивая тем самым АХЭ возможность утилизировать ацетилхолин (гидролиз).

Способ введения и дозировка

Вводится внутривенно в виде 5 % раствора в течение 5-7 минут.

Детям из расчета 20—50 мг/кг, взрослым — 1—2 г, при необходимости повторить через 1—2 ч.

При симптомах передозировки вводят с интервалом 10—12 ч.

Примечания

  1. Ивашкин, В. Т. Гастроэнтерология. Национальное руководство / под ред. В. Т. Ивашкина, Т. Л. Лапиной. Гастроэнтерология. Национальное руководство. — 2018. Архивировано 21 февраля 2020 года.


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