Каллус

У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Каллус (значения).
У этого термина существуют и другие значения, см. Каллус (микология).
Каллус Nicotiana tabacum

В биотехнологии каллусом называют недифференцированные (потерявшие специализацию) клетки, являющиеся тотипотентными и способными поэтому дать начало целому растению[1]. Являются объектом клеточной инженерии. В биологии растений каллусом называют также клетки, образующиеся на раневой поверхности растения в виде опробковевающей ткани, которая возникает в результате деления пограничных с раной клеток[2].

Каллусная ткань способствует зарастанию ран, срастанию прививок и т. д.

Открытие цитокининов

Исследования проводились на выращивании каллуса, образовавшегося из изолированной ткани сердцевины стебля табака на питательной среде (Ф. Скуг и К. Миллер). Было показано, что клетки каллуса в стерильной культуре через определённое время прекращают деление. Деление клеток возобновляло вещество кинетин, не найденное в растениях. Однако в растениях были найдены близкие химические соединения — цитокинины.

См. также

Примечания

  1. ↑ Fehér, A. (2019). Callus, dedifferentiation, totipotency, somatic embryogenesis: what these terms mean in the era of molecular plant biology?. Frontiers in plant science, 10, 536. PMID 31134106 PMC 6524723 doi:10.3389/fpls.2019.00536
  2. ↑ Что такое культура ткани растений? Архивная копия от 1 апреля 2021 на Wayback Machine (англ.) (Дата обращения: 22 февраля 2009)

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