Батони

Бато́ни (груз. ბატონი) — грузинское слово со значением «господин», «владелец».

Известно с XV века, более ранняя форма патрони (груз. პატრონი). В феодальной иерархии означало сюзерена, любого владельца рабов или крепостных («кма»), от царя до мелкого феодала. Титул «батони» официально использовали как часть своей титулатуры некоторые князья, например, Багратионы-Мухранские^[1]^[2]^[3] или Чиковани, владельцы Лечхуми (Лечхум-батони).

В современном языке ბატონი, в звательном падеже — батоно (ბატონო) используется как формула вежливости при обозначении мужчины по имени или при обращении к нему, аналогично словам «господин», «мистер», «сэр», «герр», «пан». Соответствующее обращение к женщине — калбатони (груз. ქალბატონი), в звательном падеже калбатоно^[4]. Обратиться «батоно» можно и к незнакомому человеку, например, отвечая по телефону.

См. также

Батонеби

Примечания

↑ Toumanoff, Cyril (1949-51). The Fifteenth-Century Bagratids and the Institution of Collegial Sovereignty in Georgia. Traditio 7: 216.
↑ Stephen F. Jones (2005), Socialism in Georgian Colors: The European Road to Social Democracy, 1883—1917, p. 195. Harvard University Press, ISBN 0674019024.
↑ Suny, R. G. The making of the Georgian nation / R. G. Suny. — 2^nd ed. — [Bloomington, IN] : Indiana University Press, 1994. — P. 42-43. — 418 p. — ISBN 0-253-20915-3.
↑ Braun, Friederike (1998), Terms of address: problems of patterns and usage in various languages and cultures, pp. 106—113. Walter de Gruyter, ISBN 0899254322

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