Uniune reală


Uniunea reală este o uniune constituțională stabilită între state suverane care au în comun nu doar conducătorul, ca în cazul uniunii personale, ci și alte instituții.

Spre deosebire de uniunile personale, uniunile reale au condus aproape exclusiv la reducerea suveranității pentru constituenții mai slabi din punct de vedere politic.Aceasta a fost cazul cu Marelelui Ducat al Lituaniei, Regatul Scoției și Norvegiei, care au intrat sub influența vecinilor mai puternici, respectiv Regatul Polonia, Regatul Angliei și Danemarca, cu care fiecare a împărtășit anterior o uniune personală. Exemplul al unei astfel de mișcări este Regatul Ungariei (Țările Coroanei Sfântului Ștefan), care a obținut statutul egal cu Arhiducatul Austriei în Austro-Ungaria în urma Compromisul austro-ungar din 1867.

Exemple în istorie

Într-o situație aparte se găseau Mecklenburg-Schwerin și Mecklenburg-Strelitz care aveau un parlament comun (trăsătură prin care erau chiar mai unite decât Austro-Ungaria), dar aveau duci diferiți, deci nu erau în uniune.

Note

  1. ^ a b c d Karl-Michael Reineck: Allgemeine Staatslehre und Deutsches Staatsrecht. 15. Auflage, 2007, Rn. 62 (S. 58)
  2. ^ a b c d Burkhard Schöbener, Matthias Knauff: Allgemeine Staatslehre. 2. Auflage, C.H. Beck, München 2013, § 6, Rn. 47 (S. 270)

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