Xochimilcas

Os Xochimilcas foram um povo mesoamericano que chegaram ao Vale do México, no final do século XII ou início do século XIII. Eram uma cultura irmã a dos astecas (ou mexicas) e de outras tribos que falavam a língua náuatle e compartilhavam o mesmo panteão geral, com variações locais e tribais.[1]

Os Xochimilcas foram os primeiros a saírem de Chicomoztoc [2] o ocuparam a região de Cuahilama (ou Cuailama, nas cercanias da atual Santa Cruz Acalpixca), e fundaram sua cidade em 919. Pouco a pouco se expandiram ocupando territórios próximos.

Dedicavam-se principalmente à agricultura e cultivavam em chinampas, método agrícola transmitido de geração a geração até a atualidade. Cultivavam milho, feijão, pimentões, entre outros vegetais, além de uma grande variedade de flores.

A partir de 1376 estiveram em guerra permanentemente com os aztecas, até que em 1430 foram conquistados por eles [3].

Referências

  1. ↑ As datas variam de acordo com a fonte, como 1152 em Anales de Tlatelolco, 1210 por Chimalpahin e 1226 por Ixtlilxochitl (conforme interpretado por Smith, p. 169).
  2. ↑ Diego Durán, The History of the Indies of New Spain (em inglês) University of Oklahoma Press, 1994 pp. 13-14 ISBN 9780806126494
  3. ↑ Diego Durán, The History of the Indies of New Spain pp. 104 - 116

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