Tinta de esmalte

Lata de tinta de esmalte em aerossol

A Tinta de esmalte é uma designação genérica e popular que abrange todas as tintas que curam por simples evaporação do solvente e cuja resina está dissolvida no mesmo. O seu acabamento é opaco, duro e muito brilhante O nome Esmalte deriva do facto deste tipo de tinta conferir um acabamento muito brilhante, muito similar aos esmaltes vítreos, apesar de a sua composição, propriedades e processo de fabrico ser muito distinto.

Devido ao facto de o filme sólido que se forma após evaporação do solvente poder ser novamente dissolvido pelo solvente, os esmaltes não são adequados em aplicações onde a resistência química da tinta é importante. No entanto possuem uma boa resistência aos raios ultravioleta.

Os Esmaltes[1] podem ser de base solvente ou de base aquosa.

  • No caso de Esmaltes de base solvente, ou sintéticos, o seu nome técnico é Tinta Alquídica ou tinta de óleo;
  • No caso de esmaltes de base aquosa, o seu nome técnico é Tintas Acrílicas ou Tintas de Látex.
  • Existe também a tinta esmalte martelado que é muito resistente ideal para aplicar em metais.

Em ambos os casos, as tintas de esmalte são tintas mono-componentes, que estão prontas a usar após serem devidamente agitadas, sendo por isso preferidas em utilizações feitas por não profissionais.

Devido ao facto de os esmaltes não possuírem grande resistência química, hoje em dia a sua utilização está restringida a aplicações para o interior de habitações e edifícios, ou no casco e superestruturas de navios, devido à facilidade com que qualquer membro da tripulação possa realizar reparações de pintura.

Ultimamente, porém, o termo esmalte tem vindo a ser aplicado como designação comercial de tintas bi-componentes de poliuretano de alto brilho.

Aplicações

  • Esmaltes para pavimentos – Usados em escadas, pavimentos de betão, caves, etc;
  • Esmaltes de secagem rápida – Usados em electrodomésticos, repintura automóvel;
  • Esmaltes de madeira – Usados tanto na pintura de superfícies de madeira, como na sua preservação;
  • Esmaltes para Modelismo – Usados na pintura de maquetas de modelismo, tanto na versão alquíca como na versão de base de água (Acrílica).

Referências

  1. ↑ «Increase Your Knowledge Regarding Enamel Paint» (em inglês). 23 Março 2011 

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