Shrapnel

Animação do comportamento da munição Shrapnel após o disparo.

Shrapnel é a designação de um tipo especial de munição de artilharia inventada pelo oficial de artilharia britânico Henry Shrapnel em 1784.

Visão geral

As munições Shrapnel eram munições de artilharia antipessoal que carregavam muitos projéteis individuais perto do alvo e os ejetavam para permitir que continuassem ao longo da trajetória do projétil e acertassem o alvo individualmente. Eles dependiam quase inteiramente da velocidade do projétil para sua letalidade.

A munição está obsoleta desde o fim da Primeira Guerra Mundial para uso antipessoal, quando foi substituída por projéteis de alto explosivo para essa função. O funcionamento e os princípios por trás das munições Shrapnel são fundamentalmente diferentes da fragmentação de projéteis altamente explosivos.

A munição Shrapnel recebeu seu nome em homenagem ao Major-General Henry Shrapnel (1761-1842), um oficial de artilharia britânico, cujas experiências, inicialmente conduzidas em seu próprio tempo e às suas próprias custas, culminaram no projeto e desenvolvimento desse novo tipo de munição de artilharia.

O termo "shrapnel" (que se traduzido, apesar de nesse caso, ser um nome próprio, seria algo como "estilhaço") hoje em dia é frequentemente usado para se referir a fragmentos letais do invólucro de projéteis e bombas, embora esse uso se desvie do significado original da palavra.[1]

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ H. W. Blakely (Março de 1952). «What is the difference between artillery shrapnel and shell fragments?». Combat Forces Journal. Consultado em 11 de abril de 2021 

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