Sebo (culinária)

O sebo (do lat. sebum)^[1] é um tecido animal gordo proveniente das vísceras de animais ruminantes, fonte de gordura saturada.^[2]

O sebo comum é uma mistura de triglicerides de ácidos graxos, com cadeias carbônicas C14 a C22 proveniente da sua extração dos tecidos gordurosos dos corpos de animais( mais comuns são suinos e bovinos) que pode apresentar variação na sua composição graxa de acordo com a região onde o animal cresce e com que ele é alimentado, depende do tipo da raça do plantel e suas condições de saúde , da forma como é coletado, transportado e armazenado e da idoneidade do fornecedor.

A forma de se controlar a qualidade de um sebo é analisar quimicamente o produto para verificar sua constituição graxa por cromatografia gasosa( fornece a cadeia graxa, veja abaixo), analisar quimicamente o Índice de Acidez(IA, normalmente entre 1 e 7 mgKOH/g, quanto menor melhor a qualidade), o Ìndice de Iodo ( entre 35 e 55%, informa quanto ao numero de insaturações ou duplas ligações- quanto mais elevado maior a possibilidade de oxidação ou rancificação) e o ìndice de Saponificação (IS, em mg/KOH/g) normalmente entre 180 e 190 mgKOH/g( quanto maior melhor a qualidade).

Distribuição Graxa de Sebo Bovino

Cromatografia de Cadeia Graxa	Gorduras Saturadas	Max -Min	dados tipicos
		Max -Min	dados tipicos
	Acido Miristico (C14)	Max	3%
	Acido Palmitico (C16)	Max	26%
	Acido Stearico (C18)	Max	14%
	Acido Behenico (C22)	N/A	0%
		Subtotal	43%

	Gorduras Insaturadas
			composição tipica
	Miristoleico (14:1)	?	0%
	Palmitoleico (16:1)	Max	3%
	Oleico (18:1)	Max	47%
	Linoleico (18:2)	?	3%
	Linolenico (18:3)	Max	1%
	Outros	?	3%

Referências

↑ S.A, Priberam Informática. «Significado / definição de sebo no Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa». Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa. Consultado em 8 de junho de 2015
↑ Pinho, Suarez (2013). «A Hidrogenação de Óleos e Gorduras e suas Aplicações Industriais». Rev. Virtual Quim. 5 (1): 47-62. ISSN 1984-6835

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