Saprotrofia

Saprófito, saprotrófico ou saprotrofo é a designação dada em biologia aos organismos heterotróficos, entre os quais plantas, fungos e outros seres, que se alimentam absorvendo substâncias orgânicas normalmente provenientes de matéria orgânica em decomposição.[1] As plantas saprófitas não possuem capacidade de fazer a fotossíntese.

Pertencem a este grupo a maioria dos fungos terrestres, algumas plantas vasculares modificadas e os gametófitos de muitas pteridófitas.

Estes fungos têm um importante papel na reciclagem dos nutrientes no meio ambiente, tal como muitas bactérias - que, no entanto, não são consideradas saprófitas, mas sim decompositoras, uma vez que transformam a matéria orgânica em inorgânica, ao invés de a transformarem em matéria viva como fazem as saprófitas.

Não confundir com as plantas parasitas que podem alimentar-se de substâncias orgânicas da planta hospedeira ou por ela segregadas.


Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ Lindahl, Björn D.; Tunlid, Anders (março de 2015). «Ectomycorrhizal fungi – potential organic matter decomposers, yet not saprotrophs». New Phytologist (em inglês) (4): 1443–1447. ISSN 0028-646X. doi:10.1111/nph.13201. Consultado em 22 de agosto de 2023 


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