Rockport (Massachusetts)

Rockport
Geografia
País
Estado
County of Massachusetts
Parte de
North Shore (en)
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 5th Essex district (en)
Massachusetts Senate's First Essex and Middlesex district (en)
Área
45,4 km2
Altitude
23 m
Coordenadas
Demografia
População
6 992 hab. ()
Densidade
154 hab./km2 ()
Funcionamento
Estatuto
New England town (en)
História
Fundação
Identificadores
Código postal
01966
Code FIPS
25-57880
GNIS
Website
Mapa

Rockport é uma vila localizada no condado de Essex no estado estadounidense de Massachusetts. No Censo de 2010 tinha uma população de 6.952 habitantes e uma densidade populacional de 153,04 pessoas por km².[1][2]

História

Antes da chegada dos primeiros colonos e navegadores ingleses, o Cabo Ann estava habitado por vários povoados de índios nativos da tribo dos Agawam. Samuel de Champlain chamou à península "Cap Aux Isles" em 1605, e desembarcou ali brevemente. Quando os primeiros colonos se assentaram permanentemente em 1623, a maioria dos habitantes nativos tinham perecido pelas doenças contagiosas transmitidas pelos europeus.[3]

A zona que compreende Rockport esteve despovoada durante mais de 100 anos, sendo utilizada pelos habitantes de Gloucester como fonte de madeira para a construção de barcos. Em 1743 construiu-se um berço em Sandy Bay, e utilizou-se para o comércio da madeira e a pesca. A começos do século XIX começaram-se a explodir as primeiras pedreiras de granito. Em 1830, a pedra era exportada para todas as cidades ao longo da costa Este dos E.U.A.

Enquanto Gloucester desenvolvia-se como centro urbano, o povoamento de Rockport permaneceu como um pequeno porto pesqueiro que albergava alguns povoados e vilas de verão. Em 1840, constituiu-se como povoamento independente. Durante a revolução industrial, a grande demanda de granito impulsionou enormemente a criação de novas pedreiras e a sua posterior comercialização. Muitos imigrantes da Suécia e Finlândia estabeleceram-se no povoamento, já que eram pedreiros experientes.[4]

A demanda de granito diminuiu notavelmente durante a Grande Depressão, mas Rockport configurou-se um refúgio de artistas, atraídos pelas suas praias de seixos e rochas, as barracas dos pescadores, o porto com os barcos fundeados, e o facto de que Cabo Ann tinha sido imortalizado por Rudyard Kipling em "Capitães intrépidos". Um armazém de madeira de cor vermelha no berço de Bradley, conhecido como "Motivo número 1" tem sido modelo para infinidade de quadros primeiramente, e atualmente para a fotografia.[5][6]

Actualmente, o povoamento é sobretudo uma zona residencial e centro turístico pela suas praias rochosas e seu passeios marítimos ao lado do oceano Atlântico, ainda que ainda vivem nele um verdadeiro número de pescadores de lagosta e artistas.[7]

Motivo nº 1

Geografia

Rockport encontra-se localizado nas coordenadas 42° 39′ 25″ N, 70° 36′ 17″ O. Segundo o Departamento do Censo dos Estados Unidos, Rockport tem uma superfície total de 45.43 km², da qual 18.11 km² correspondem a terra firme e (60.14%) 27.32 km² é água.[8]

Demografia

Segundo o censo de 2010,[9] tinha 6.952 pessoas residindo em Rockport. A densidade populacional era de 153,04 hab./km². Dos 6.952 habitantes, Rockport estava composto pelo 97.02% brancos, o 0.65% eram afroamericanos, o 0.07% eram amerindios, o 0.81% eram asiáticos, o 0.09% eram insulares do Pacífico, o 0.32% eram de outras raças e o 1.05% pertenciam a duas ou mais raças. Do total da população o 1.6% eram hispanos ou latinos de qualquer raça.[2]

Referências

  1. «Rockport town, Essex County, Massachusetts». U.S. Census Bureau. Consultado em 18 de maio de 2020 
  2. a b «County Population Totals: 2010-2019» (em inglês). Departamento do Censo dos Estados Unidos. Consultado em 21 de novembro de 2020 
  3. Babson, John J (1860). History of the Town of Gloucester, Cape Ann. Boston, Massachusetts: Proctor Brothers 
  4. Schwartz, American Studies in Scandinavia, Vol. 20, 1988: 18.
  5. «History of Rockport, Massachusetts». New England Blogger. Consultado em 29 de agosto de 2012 
  6. «How a Fish Shack Became the Heart of an Art Colony and the Symbol of a Town». historypressblog.net. 17 de maio de 2012. Consultado em 6 de agosto de 2012 
  7. «Rockport, Massachusetts». City-Data.com. Consultado em 29 de agosto de 2012 
  8. «Encontra um condado» (em inglês). Associação Nacional de Condados. Consultado em 21 de novembro de 2020 
  9. «Charateristics of the total and native populations of the United States» (em inglês). Departamento do Censo dos Estados Unidos. Consultado em 21 de novembro de 2020 

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