Rudyard Kipling

Rudyard Kipling

Nascimento 30 de dezembro de 1865
Bombaim, Colônia (presidency) de Bombaim, Índia Britânica (hoje Bombaim, estado de Maharashtra, Índia)
Morte 18 de janeiro de 1936 (70 anos)
Londres, Inglaterra, Reino Unido
Nacionalidade britânico
Prêmios Nobel de Literatura (1907)
Magnum opus Três como tantos: romance
Malabar Point, Bombaim, c. 1860. Coleção de Escritórios Orientais e da Índia. British Library.
A Índia de Kipling: mapa da Índia, na época do domínio britânico, com os locais e períodos de estada de Kipling.
James Jacques Tissot. A Galeria do HMS Calcutá (Portsmouth), 1876. Kipling, que havia navegado com sua família de Bombaim a Portsmouth em um paddlewheeler P&O quatro anos antes, entretanto, só se lembrava de "um tempo em um navio com um imenso semicírculo bloqueando toda a visão em cada lado dela."[1]

Joseph Rudyard Kipling (Bombaim, 30 de dezembro de 1865 — Londres, 18 de janeiro de 1936) foi um autor e poeta britânico, conhecido por seus livros "The Jungle Book" (1894), "The Second Jungle Book" (1895), "Just So Stories" (1902), e "Puck of Pook's Hill" (1906); sua novela, "Kim" (1901); seus poemas, incluindo "Mandalay" (1890), "Gunga Din" (1890), "If"(1910) e "Ulster 1912" (1912); e seus muitos contos curtos, incluindo "The Man Who Would Be King" (1888) e as compilações "Life's Handicap" (1891), "The Day's Work" (1898), e "Plain Tales from the Hills" (1888).

É considerado o maior "inovador na arte do conto curto";[2] os seus livros para crianças são clássicos da literatura infantil; e o seu melhor trabalho dá mostras de um talento narrativo versátil e brilhante.[3][nota 1]

Foi um dos escritores mais populares da Inglaterra, em prosa e poema, no final do século XIX e início do XX.[2] O autor Henry James referiu: "Kipling me impressiona pessoalmente como o mais completo homem de gênio (o que difere de inteligência refinada) que eu jamais conheci".[2] Foi laureado com o Nobel de Literatura de 1907, tornando-se o primeiro autor de língua inglesa a receber esse prêmio e, até hoje, o mais jovem a recebê-lo.[4] Entre outras distinções, foi sondado em diversas ocasiões para receber a Láurea de Poeta Britânico e um título de Cavaleiro, as quais rejeitou.[5] Ainda assim, Kipling tornou-se conhecido (nas palavras de George Orwell) como um "profeta do imperialismo britânico".[6] Muitos viam preconceito e militarismo em suas obras,[7][8] e a controvérsia sobre esses temas em sua obra perdurou por muito tempo ainda no século XX.[9][10] De acordo com o crítico Douglas Kerr: "Ele ainda é um autor que pode inspirar discordâncias apaixonadas e seu lugar na história da literatura e da cultura ainda está longe de ser definido. Mas à medida que a era dos impérios europeus retrocede, ele é reconhecido como um intérprete incomparável, ainda que controverso, de como o império era vivido. Isso, e um reconhecimento crescente de seus extraordinários talentos narrativos, faz dele uma força a ser respeitada".[11] Seu poema "If" (Se) é símbolo dos Cadetes da Academia da Força Aérea.

Uma de suas obras o "Livro da Selva" foi adotado por Robert Baden-Powell, fundador do Escotismo como fundo de cena para as atividades com jovens de 7 a 11 anos, denominando os jovens dessa faixa etária como lobinhos.

Biografia

Kipling nasceu em Bombaim, na chamada Índia britânica, filho de Alice Kipling (nascida MacDonald) e John Lockwood Kipling. A mãe, uma das quatro memoráveis irmãs da Era Vitoriana,[12] foi uma mulher vivaz,[13] sobre a qual o futuro Vice-rei da Índia diria: "O tédio e a Sra. Kipling não podem existir no mesmo espaço".[2] Lockwood Kipling, um escultor e designer de cerâmica, foi o diretor e professor de escultura arquitetônica na recém-fundada Sir Jamsetjee Escola de Arte e Indústria em Bombaim.[13] Os dois, que se mudaram para a Índia no início daquele ano, haviam se conhecido dois anos antes em Rudyard Lake na área rural de Staffordshire, na Inglaterra, e encantaram-se tanto com a beleza do lugar que deram o nome dele ao primeiro filho. A tia de Kipling, Georgiana, era casada com o pintor Edward Burne-Jones e a sua tia Agnes, com o pintor Edward Poynter. O seu parente mais famoso foi o primo em primeiro grau Stanley Baldwin, que foi três vezes primeiro-ministro pelo Partido Conservador nas décadas de 1920 e 1930.[14] O local de nascimento de Kipling ainda pode ser visitado, no campus do Sir J.J. Instituto de Arte Aplicada em Bombaim e serviu por muitos anos como residência do reitor. O historiador de Bombaim, Foy Nissen, esclarece que, embora a cabana ostente uma placa afirmando que aquele é o lugar onde nasceu Kipling, o fato é que a cabana original foi demolida décadas atrás e uma nova foi construída em seu lugar. O bangalô de madeira ficou vazio e trancado por muito tempo.[15]

De acordo com Bernice M. Murphy,[16] "seus pais se consideravam anglo-indianos (termo usado no século XIX por cidadãos britânicos residentes na Índia) como também ele próprio o faria, embora ele tenha vivido a maior parte de sua vida no exterior. Questões complexas de identidade e lealdade nacional foram aspectos proeminentes de sua ficção. O próprio Kipling escreveria sobre esses conflitos aos setenta anos".

Os dias de Kipling de "intensa luz e escuridão"[1] em Bombaim terminariam quando ele tinha cinco anos. Como era o costume na Índia britânica, ele e a sua irmã de três anos, Alice ("Trix"), seriam mandados para a Inglaterra – no caso deles para Southsea (Portsmouth), onde deles cuidaria um casal que recebia filhos de compatriotas britânicos vivendo na Índia. As duas crianças viveriam com o casal, Capitão Holloway e esposa, na casa deles, Lorne Lodge, pelos próximos seis anos. Em sua autobiografia, escrita 65 anos depois, Kipling lembraria aquele tempo com horror, e se perguntaria ironicamente se a combinação de crueldade e negligência que ele experimentou nas mãos da Sra. Holloway não poderiam ter apressado o começo de sua vida literária:[1]

"Se você interroga uma criança de sete ou oito anos sobre suas atividades diárias (especialmente quando ela quer dormir), ela se contradiz com satisfação. Se cada contradição for tomada como uma mentira no desjejum, a vida não é fácil. Eu experimentei um bocado de intimidação, mas isso era tortura calculada – tanto religiosa quanto científica. Ainda assim, isso me fez dar atenção às mentiras que eu, cedo, achei necessário contar: e isso, eu presumo, é a base do meu esforço literário."

Kipling morreu em Londres e foi sepultado na Abadia de Westminster.

Primeira Guerra Mundial (1914 - 1918)

No começo da Primeira Guerra Mundial , como muitos outros escritores, Kipling escrevia panfletos e poemas para motivar e assim dando suporte a Inglaterra mirando em restaurar a Bélgica depois do reino ser ocupado pela Alemanha juntos com as mais generalizadas declarações da Grã-Bretanha, acabou se estendendo para uma boa causa.

Livros

Esta é uma bibliografia das obras de Rudyard Kipling, incluindo livros, contos, poemas e coleções de suas obras.[17][18] Listadas por ano de publicação.

  • The City of Dreadful Night (1885),[17] – mais tarde publicado como The City of the Dreadful Night - Little Blue Book No. 357
  • Departmental Ditties (1886)
  • Plain Tales from the Hills (1888)
    • "Lispeth"
    • "Three and - an Extra"
    • "Thrown Away"
    • "Miss Youghal's Sais"
    • "'Yoked with an Unbeliever'"
    • "False Dawn"
    • "The Rescue of Pluffles"
    • "Cupid's Arrows"
    • "The Three Musketeers"
    • "His Chance in Life"
    • "Watches of the Night"
    • "The Other Man"
    • "Consequences"
    • "The Conversion of Aurelian McGoggin"
    • "The Taking of Lungtungpen"
    • "A Germ-Destroyer"
    • "Kidnapped"
    • "The Arrest of Lieutenant Golightly"
    • "In the House of Suddhoo"
    • "His Wedded Wife"
    • "The Broken-link Handicap"
    • "Beyond the Pale"
    • "In Error"
    • "A Bank Fraud"
    • "Tod's Amendment"
    • "The Daughter of the Regiment"
    • "In the Pride of his Youth"
    • "Pig"
    • "The Rout of the White Hussars"
    • "The Bronckhorst Divorce-case"
    • "Venus Annodomini"
    • "The Bisara of Pooree"
    • "A Friend's Friend"
    • "The Gate of the Hundred Sorrows"
    • "The Madness of Private Ortheris"
    • "The Story of Muhammad Din"
    • "On the Strength of a Likeness"
    • "Wressley of the Foreign Office"
    • "By Word of Mouth"
    • "To be Filed for Reference"
  • Soldiers Three (1888)
  • The Story of the Gadsbys (1888)
  • In Black and White (1888)
  • Under the Deodars (1888)
  • The Phantom 'Rickshaw and other Eerie Tales (1888) – incluindo "The Man Who Would Be King"
  • Wee Willie Winkie and Other Child Stories (1888) – incluindo "Baa Baa, Black Sheep"
  • Life's Handicap (1891)
  • American Notes (1891), non-fiction
  • Letters of Marque (1891)
  • The City of Dreadful Night and Other Places (1891) – A.H. Wheeler & Co (Indian Railway Library #14)
  • Mine Own People (1891)
    • "Bimi"
    • "Namgay Doola"
    • "The Recrudescence of Imray"
    • "Moti Guj-Mutineer"
    • "The Mutiny of the Mavericks"
    • "At the End of the Passage"
    • "The Man Who Was"
    • "A Conference of Powers
    • "Without Benefit of the Clergy"[19]
    • "The Mark of the Beast"
    • "The Head of the District"
  • Barrack-Room Ballads (1892), poetry
  • Many Inventions (1893)
  • The Jungle Book (1894) – incluindo histórias de Mowgli, aqui marcadas "(M)"
    • "Mowgli's Brothers" (M)
    • "Hunting-Song of the Seeonee Pack"
    • "Kaa's Hunting" (M)
    • "Road-Song of the Bandar-Log"
    • "Tiger! Tiger!" (M)
    • "Mowgli's Song That He Sang at the Council Rock When He Danced on Shere Khan's Hide"
    • "The White Seal"
    • "Lukannon"
    • "Rikki-Tikki-Tavi"
    • "Darzee's Chaunt (Sung in Honour of Rikki-Tikki-Tavi)"
    • "Toomai of the Elephants"
    • "Shiv and the Grasshopper (The Song That Toomai's Mother Sang to the Baby)"
    • "Her Majesty's Servants" – originally titled "Servants of the Queen"
    • "Parade-Song of the Camp Animals"
  • The Second Jungle Book (1895) – incluindo histórias de Mowgli, aqui marcadas "(M)"
    • "How Fear Came" (M)
    • "The Law of the Jungle"
    • "The Miracle of Purun Bhagat"
    • "A Song of Kabir"
    • "Letting in the Jungle" (M)
    • "Mowgli's Song Against People"
    • "The Undertakers"
    • "A Ripple Song"
    • "The King's Ankus" (M)
    • "The Song of the Little Hunter"
    • "Quiquern"
    • "'Angutivaun Taina'"
    • "Red Dog" (M)
    • "Chil's Song"
    • "The Spring Running" (M)
    • "The Outsong"
  • The Naulahka: A Story of West and East (1892)
  • The Seven Seas (1896)
  • The Day's Work (1898)
  • A Fleet in Being (1898)
  • The Brushwood Boy (1899), illus. Orson Lowell
  • Stalky & Co. (1899)
  • From Sea to Sea and Other Sketches, Letters of Travel (1899)
  • Just So Stories for Little Children (1902)
    • "How the Whale Got His Throat" – Publicado pela primeira vez na St Nicholas Magazine, dezembro de 1897, como "How the Whale Got His Tiny Throat"[20]
    • "How the Camel Got His Hump"
    • "How the Rhinoceros Got His Skin"
    • "How the Leopard Got His Spots"
    • "The Elephant's Child"
    • "The Sing-Song of Old Man Kangaroo"
    • "The Beginning of the Armadillos"
    • "How the First Letter Was Written"
    • "How the Alphabet Was Made"
    • "The Crab That Played With the Sea"
    • "The Cat That Walked by Himself"
    • "The Butterfly That Stamped"
    • "The Tabu Tale" (publicado nos EUA em 1903)
  • The Five Nations (1903), poetry
  • Traffics and Discoveries (1904), 12 histórias
  • With the Night Mail: A Story of 2000 A.D. online (1905)
  • They (1905), story from Traffics and Discoveries
  • Puck of Pook's Hill (1906)
  • The Brushwood Boy (1907), história de 1895, ilustração. F. H. Townsend; Reino Unido e EUA
  • Actions and Reactions (1909)
A Song of the English ilustrado por W. Heath Robinson, 1914
  • A Song of the English (1909), com W. Heath Robinson (ilustração)
  • Rewards and Fairies (1910)
  • A History of England (1911), não-ficção, com Charles Robert Leslie Fletcher
  • Songs from Books (1912)
  • As Easy as A.B.C. (1912)
  • The Fringes of the Fleet (1915)
  • Sea Warfare (1916)
  • A Diversity of Creatures (1917)
  • The Years Between (1919)
  • Land and Sea Tales for Scouts and Guides (1923)
  • The Irish Guards in the Great War (1923)
  • Debits and Credits (1926)
  • A Book of Words (1928)
  • Thy Servant a Dog (1930)
  • Limits and Renewals (1932)
  • Tales of India (The Windermere Series, Rand McNally, 1935), illus. Paul Strayer
  • Something of Myself (1937), autobiografia
  • The Muse Among the Motors (1904, 1919, 1929)

Novelas

Esta é uma bibliografia das obras de Rudyard Kipling, incluindo livros, contos, poemas e coleções de suas obras.[17][18]

  • The Light that Failed (1891)
  • The Naulahka: A Story of West and East (1892) (com Wolcott Balestier)
  • Captains Courageous (1896)
  • Kim (1901)

Coleções

Esta é uma bibliografia das obras de Rudyard Kipling, incluindo livros, contos, poemas e coleções de suas obras.[17][18]

Algumas das obras de Kipling foram coletadas por ele; alguns outros foram recolhidos por editores de edições "não autorizadas" (Abaft the Funnel, From Sea to Sea, por exemplo). Ainda outras de suas obras nunca foram coletadas. As listas abaixo incluem todas as coleções que Kipling reconheceu como seu próprio trabalho. No entanto, é possível encontrar outras obras que apareceram em edições americanas, mas não em inglês, obras que apareceram apenas em uma publicação periódica original e algumas outras que apareceram apenas nas edições de Sussex e Burwash .

Autobiografias e discursos

Coletâneas de contos

  • Quartette (1885)
  • Plain Tales from the Hills (1888)
  • Soldiers Three, The Story of the Gadsbys, In Black and White (1888)
  • The Phantom 'Rickshaw and other Eerie Tales (1888)
  • Under the Deodars (1888)
  • Wee Willie Winkie and Other Child Stories (1888)
  • Mine Own People (1891)
  • Life's Handicap (1891)
  • Many Inventions (1893)
  • The Jungle Book (1894)
  • The Second Jungle Book (1895)
  • The Day's Work (1898)
  • Stalky & Co. (1899)
  • Just So Stories (1902)
  • Traffics and Discoveries (1904)
  • Puck of Pook's Hill (1906)
  • Actions and Reactions (1909)
  • Abaft the Funnel (1909)
  • Rewards and Fairies (1910)
  • The Eyes of Asia (1917)
  • A Diversity of Creatures (1917)
  • Land and Sea Tales for Scouts and Guides (1923)
  • Debits and Credits (1926)
  • Thy Servant a Dog (1930)
  • Limits and Renewals (1932)

Coleções militares

  • A Fleet in Being (1898)
  • France at War (1915)
  • The New Army in Training (1915)
  • Sea Warfare (1916)
  • The War in the Mountains (1917)
  • The Graves of the Fallen (1919)
  • The Irish Guards in the Great War (1923)

Coleções de poesias

  • Schoolboy Lyrics (1881)
  • Echoes (1884) – with his sister, Alice (‘Trix’)
  • Departmental Ditties (1886)
  • Barrack-Room Ballads (1890)
  • The Seven Seas (1896)
  • An Almanac of Twelve Sports (1898, com ilustrações de William Nicholson)
  • The Five Nations (1903)
  • Collected Verse (1907)
  • Songs from Books (1912)
  • The Years Between (1919)
  • Rudyard Kipling's Verse: Definitive Edition (1940)

Coleções de viagens

  • From Sea to Sea – Letters of Travel: 1887–1889 (1899)
  • Letters of Travel: 1892–1913 (1920)
  • Souvenirs of France (1933)
  • Brazilian Sketches: 1927 (1940)

Conjuntos coletados mais completos

  • The Outward Bound Edition (Nova York), 1897–1937 – 36 volumes
  • The Edition de Luxe (Londres), 1897–1937 – 38 volumes
  • The Bombay Edition (Londres), 1913–38 – 31 volumes
  • The Sussex Edition (Londres), 1937–39 – 35 volumes
  • The Burwash Edition (NovaYork), 1941 – 28 volumes

As duas últimas dessas edições incluem volume(s) de "prosa não coletada".[18][21]

Poemas

Esta é uma bibliografia das obras de Rudyard Kipling, incluindo livros, contos, poemas e coleções de suas obras.[17][18]

Suas próprias coleções

Coleções emitidas durante sua vida pelo próprio poeta incluem:

  • Departmental Ditties and Other Verses, 1886.
  • Barrack Room Ballads, 1889, republicado com acréscimos em várias épocas.
  • The Seven Seas and Further Barrack-Room Ballads, em várias edições de 1891–96.
  • The Five Nations, com alguns poemas novos e alguns reimpressos (muitas vezes revisados), 1903.
  • Vinte e dois 'Poemas Históricos' originais contribuíram para A History of England de CRL Fletcher (uma edição mais barata foi vendida como A School History of England), 1911.
  • Songs from Books, 1912.
  • The Years Between, 1919.

Coleções póstumas

Coleções póstumas de poemas de Kipling incluem:

  • Rudyard Kipling’s Verse: Definitive Edition.
  • A Choice of Kipling's Verse, ed. T. S. Eliot (Faber and Faber, 1941).
  • Early verse by Rudyard Kipling, 1879–1889 : unpublished, uncollected, and rarely collected poems, Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1986.
  • The Surprising Mr Kipling, edited by Brian Harris, 2014

Poemas individuais

Alguns dos muitos poemas de Kipling são:

  • "The Absent-Minded Beggar"
  • "The Advertisement"
  • "An American"
  • "The American Rebellion"
  • "Anchor Song"
  • "Angutivaun Taina"
  • "The Answer"
  • "The Anvil"
  • "Arithmetic on the Frontier"
  • "Army Headquarters"
  • "Arterial"
  • "As the Bell Clinks"
  • "An Astrologer's Song"
  • "At His Execution"
  • "Azrael's Count"
  • "Back to the Army Again"
  • "The Ballad of Boh Da Thone"
  • "The Ballad of Bolivar"
  • "A Ballad of Burial"
  • "The Ballad of the Cars"
  • "The Ballad of the "Clampherdown""
  • "The Ballad of East and West"
  • "Ballad of Fisher's Boarding-House"
  • "A Ballad of Jakko Hill"
  • "The Ballad of the King's Jest"
  • "The Ballad of the King's Mercy"
  • "The Ballad of Minepit Shaw"
  • "The Ballad of the Red Earl"
  • "Banquet Night"
  • "Beast and Man in India"
  • "The Bee-Boy's Song"
  • "The Bees and Flies"
  • "Before a Midnight Breaks in Storm"
  • "The Beginner"
  • "The Beginnings"
  • "The Bells and Queen Victoria"
  • "The Bell Buoy"
  • "The Benefactors"
  • "Belts"
  • "The Betrothed"
  • "Big Steamers"
  • "Bill 'awkins"
  • "Birds of Prey March"
  • "The Birthright"
  • "Blue Roses"
  • "Bobs"
  • "Boots"
  • "The Bother"
  • "The Boy Scouts' Patrol Song"
  • "The Braggart"
  • "Bridge-Guard in the Karroo"
  • "A British-Roman Song"
  • "The Broken Men"
  • "Brookland Road"
  • "Brown Bess"
  • "Buddha at Kamakura"
  • "The Burden"
  • "The Burial"
  • "Butterflies"
  • "By the Hoof of the Wild Goat"
  • "Cain and Abel"
  • "The Captive"
  • "Carmen Circulare"
  • "A Carol"
  • "Cells"
  • "The Centaurs"
  • "Certain Maxims of Hafiz"
  • "The Changelings"
  • "Chant-Pagan"
  • "Chapter Headings"
  • "A Charm"
  • "Chartres Windows"
  • "The Children's Song"
  • "A Child's Garden"
  • "Cholera Camp"
  • "Christmas in India"
  • "Cities and Thrones and Powers"
  • "The City of Brass"[22]
  • "The City of Sleep"
  • "Cleared"
  • "The Coastwise Lights"
  • "A Code of Morals"
  • "The Coiner"
  • "Cold Iron"
  • "Columns"
  • "The Comforters"
  • "The Consolations of Memory"
  • "Contradictions"
  • "The Conundrum of the Workshops"
  • "A Counting-Out Song"
  • "Covenant"
  • "The Craftsman"
  • "Cruisers"
  • "Cuckoo Song"
  • "The Cure"
  • "Dane-geld"
  • "Danny Deever"
  • "Darzee's Chaunt"
  • "The Dawn Wind"
  • "The Day's Work"
  • "The Dead King"
  • "A Death-Bed"
  • "The Declaration of London"
  • "Dedication"
  • "A Dedication"
  • "The Deep-Sea Cables"
  • "Delilah"
  • "A Departure"
  • "The Derelict"
  • "The Destroyers"
  • "Dinah in Heaven"
  • "The Disciple"
  • "Divided Destinies"
  • "Doctors"
  • "The Dove of Dacca"
  • "The Dutch in the Medway"
  • "The Dying Chauffeur"
  • "Eddi's Service"
  • "Edgehill Fight"
  • "The Egg-Shell"
  • "En-Dor"
  • "England's Answer"
  • "The English Flag"
  • "The 'eathen"
  • "Evarra and His Gods"
  • "The Expert"
  • "The Explanation"
  • "The Explorer"
  • "The Fabulists"
  • "The Fairies' Siege"
  • "The Fall of Jock Gillespie"
  • "Farewell and adieu..."
  • "Fastness"
  • "The Feet of the Young Men"
  • "The Female of the Species"
  • "The Fires"
  • "The First Chantey"
  • "The Flight"
  • "The Floods"
  • "The Flowers"
  • "Follow Me 'ome"
  • "For All We Have And Are"
  • "Ford O'Kabul River"
  • "For to Admire"
  • "The Four Angels"
  • "Four-Feet"
  • "The Four Points"
  • "Frankie's Trade"
  • "The French Wars"
  • "Fuzzy-Wuzzy"
  • "The Galley-Slave"
  • "Gallio's Song"
  • "Gehazi"
  • "General Joubert"
  • "A General Summary"
  • "Gentlemen-Rankers"
  • "Gertrude's Prayer"
  • "Gethsemane"
  • "Giffen's Debt"
  • "The Gift of Sea"
  • "The Gipsy Trail"
  • "Gipsy Vans"
  • "The Glory of the Garden"
  • "The Gods of the Copybook Headings"
  • "The Grave of the Hundred Head"
  • "Great-Heart"
  • "The Greek National Anthem"
  • "Gunga Din"
  • "Half-Ballad of Waterval"
  • "Harp Song of the Dane Women"
  • "Helen All Alone"
  • "Heriot's Ford"
  • "The Heritage"
  • "The Holy War"
  • "The Hour of the Angel"
  • "The Houses"
  • "Hunting-Song of the Seeonee Pack"
  • "Hyaenas"
  • "Hymn Before Action"
  • "Hymn to Physical Pain"
  • "The Idiot Boy"
  • "If—"
  • "I Keep Six Honest..."
  • "An Imperial Rescript"
  • "In the Matter of One Compass"
  • "In the Neolithic Age"
  • "In Springtime"
  • "The Instructor"
  • "The Inventor"
  • "The Irish Guards"
  • "The Jacket"
  • "James I"
  • "Jane's Marriage"
  • "The Jester"
  • "Jubal and Tubal Cain"
  • "The Juggler's Song"
  • "The Jungle Books"
  • "The Junk and the Dhow"
  • "Justice"
  • "The Justice's Tale"
  • "Just So Stories"
  • "Kim"
  • "The King"
  • "The Kingdom"
  • "The King's Job"
  • "The King's Task"
  • "Kitchener's School"
  • "The Ladies"
  • "Lady Geraldine's Hardship"
  • "The Lament of the Border Cattle Thief"
  • "The Land"
  • "The Landau"
  • "The Last Chantey"
  • "The Last Department"
  • "The Last Lap"
  • "The Last Ode"
  • "The Last of the Light Brigade"
  • "The Last Rhyme of True Thomas"
  • "The Last Suttee"
  • "Late Came the God"
  • "The Law of the Jungle (From The Jungle Book)"
  • "The Legend of Evil"
  • "The Legend of the Foreign Office"
  • "The Legend of Mirth"
  • "A Legend of Truth"
  • "L'envoi"
  • "L'envoi to "Life's Handicap"
  • "The Lesson"
  • "Lichtenberg"
  • "The Light That Failed"
  • "The Liner She's a Lady"
  • "The Long Trail"
  • "Loot"
  • "Lord Roberts"
  • "The Lost Legion"
  • "The Lovers' Litany"
  • "The Love Song of Har Dyal"
  • "The Lowestoft Boat"
  • "Lukannon"
  • "Macdonough's Song"
  • "The Man Who Could Write"
  • "Mandalay (poem)|Mandalay"
  • "Many Inventions"
  • "The Mare's Nest"
  • "The Married Man"
  • "The Mary Gloster|The Mary Gloster"
  • "Mary, Pity Women!"
  • "Mary's Son"
  • "The Masque of Plenty"
  • "The Master-Cook"
  • "M'Andrew's Hymn" (AKA "McAndrew's Hymn")
  • "The Men That Fought at Minden"
  • "The Merchantmen"
  • "Merrow Down"
  • "Mesopotamia"
  • "Mine Sweepers"
  • "The Miracles"
  • "The Moon of Other Days"
  • "The Moral"
  • "Morning Song in the Jungle"
  • "The Mother-Lodge"
  • "Mother o' Mine"
  • "The Mother's Son"
  • "Mowgli's Song"
  • "Mowgli's Song Against People"
  • "Mulholland's Contract"
  • "Municipal"
  • "My Boy Jack"
  • "My Father's Chair"
  • "My Lady's Law"
  • "My New-Cut Ashlar"
  • "My Rival"
  • "The Native Born"
  • "A Nativity"
  • "Natural Theology"
  • "The Naulahka"
  • "The Necessitarian"
  • "Neighbours"
  • "The New Nighthood"
  • "Norman and Saxon"
  • "The North Sea Patrol"
  • "La Nuit Blanche"
  • "The Nursing Sister"
  • "The Old Issue"
  • "Old Mother Laidinwool"
  • "An Old Song"
  • "The Oldest Song"
  • "One Viceroy Resigns"
  • "The Only Son"
  • "Oonts"
  • "Our Fathers Also"
  • "Our Fathers of Old"
  • "The Outlaws"
  • "Outsong in the Jungle"
  • "The Overland Mail"
  • "A Pageant of Elizabeth"
  • "Pagett, M.P."
  • "The Palace"
  • "Parade-Song of the Camp-Animals"
  • "The Peace of Dives"
  • "The Penalty"
  • "Pharaoh and the Sergeant"
  • "Philadelphia"
  • "A Pict Song"
  • "A Pilgrim's Way"
  • "The Pink Dominoes"
  • "The Pirates in England"
  • "The Playmate"
  • "The Plea of the Simla Dancers"
  • "Poceidon's Law"
  • "Poor Honest Men"
  • "The Portant"
  • "Possibilities"
  • "The Post That Fitted"
  • "The Power of the Dog"
  • "The Prairie"
  • "The Prayer"
  • "The Prayer of Miriam Cohen"
  • "Prelude"
  • "A Preface"
  • "The Press"
  • "The Pro-Consuls"
  • "The Prodigal Son"
  • "The Progress of the Spark"
  • "Prophets at Home"
  • "Public Waste"
  • "Puck's Song"
  • "The Puzzler"
  • "The Queen's Men"
  • "The Question"
  • "The Rabbi's Song"
  • "Rebirth"
  • "The Recall"
  • "A Recantation"
  • "Recessional"
  • "Rector's Memory"
  • "The Reeds of Runnymede"
  • "The Reformers"
  • "The Return"
  • "The Return of the Children"
  • "The Rhyme of the Three Captains"
  • "The Rhyme of the Three Sealers"
  • "Rimini"
  • "Rimmon"
  • "A Ripple Song"
  • "The Ritual of the Calling of an Engineer"
  • "The Rivers Tale"
  • "Road-Song of the Bandar-Log"
  • "The Roman Centurion's Song"
  • "Romulus and Remus"
  • "Route Marchin'"
  • "The Rowers"
  • "The Runes on the Weland's Sword"
  • "The Run of Downs"
  • "The Rupaiyat of Omar Kal'vin"
  • "Russia to the Pacifists"
  • "The Sacrifice of Er-Heb"
  • "Sappers"
  • "A School Song"
  • "Screw-Guns"
  • "The Sea And the Hills"
  • "Seal Lullaby"
  • "The Sea-Wife"
  • "The Second Voyage"
  • "The Secret of the Machines"
  • "Sepulchral"
  • "The Sergeant's Weddin'"
  • "A Servant When He Reigneth"
  • "Sestina of the Tramp-Royal"
  • "Settler"
  • "Seven Watchmen"
  • "Shillin' a Day"
  • "Sir Richard's Song"
  • "A Smuggler's Song"
  • "Snarleyow"
  • "Soldier an' Sailor Too"
  • "Soldier, Soldier"
  • "The Song at Cock-Crow"
  • "A Song in Storm"
  • "The Song of the Banjo"
  • "The Song of the Cities"
  • "The Song of the Dead"
  • "Song of Diego Valdez"
  • "The Song of the English"
  • "Song of the Fifth River"
  • "Song of the Galley-Slaves"
  • "A Song of Kabir"
  • "The Song of the Little Hunter"
  • "Song of the Men's Side"
  • "The Song of the Old Guard"
  • "Song of the Red War-Boat"
  • "The Song of Seven Cities"
  • "Song of Seventy Horses"
  • "The Song of the Sons"
  • "A Song of Travel"
  • "A Song of the White Men"
  • "Song of the Wise Children"
  • "The Song of the Women"
  • "The Songs of the Lathes"
  • "The Sons of Martha"
  • "South Africa"
  • "The Spies' March"
  • "A St. Helen Lullaby"
  • "The Story of Ung"
  • "The Story of Uriah"
  • "The Stranger"
  • "Study of Elevation, In Indian Ink"
  • "The Survival"
  • "Sussex"
  • "A Tale of Two Cities"
  • "Tarrant Moss"
  • "Things and the Man"
  • "Thorkild's Song"
  • "The Thousandth Man"
  • "A Three-Part Song"
  • "The Threshold"
  • "Tin Fish"
  • "To the City of Bombay"
  • "To the Companions"
  • "Together"
  • "To James Whitcomb Riley"
  • "To a Lady, Persuading Her to a Car"
  • "To Motorists"
  • "To T. A."
  • "The Totem"
  • "To Thomas Atkins"
  • "To the True Romance"
  • "To the Unknown Goddess"
  • "To Wolcott Balestier"
  • "Tomlinson"
  • "Tommy"
  • "The Tour"
  • "The Trade"
  • "A Translation"
  • "A Tree Song"
  • "Troopin'"
  • "The Truce of the Bear"
  • "A Truthful Song"
  • "Two Kopjes"
  • "Two Months"
  • "The Two-Sided Man"
  • "Ulster"
  • "The Undertaker's Horse"
  • "Untimely"
  • "The Vampire"
  • "The Verdicts"
  • "The Veterans"
  • "The Vineyard"
  • "The Virginity"
  • "The Wage-Slaves"
  • "The Way Through the Woods"
  • "We and They"
  • "The Wet Litany"
  • "What Happened"
  • "What the People Said"
  • "When Earth's Last Picture Is Painted"
  • "When the Great Ark"
  • "When the Journey Was Intended To the City"
  • "When 'Omer Smote..."
  • "The Widower"
  • "White Horses"
  • "The White Man's Burden"
  • "The Widow's Party"
  • "The Widow at Windsor"
  • "Wilful Missing"
  • "The Winners"
  • "The Wishing-Caps"
  • "With Drake in the Tropics"
  • "With Scindia to Delphi"
  • "You Mustn't Swim..."
  • "The Young British Soldier"
  • "Zion"

Notas

  1. ↑ James Joyce considerou Tolstói, Kipling e D'Annunzio como os "três escritores do século 19 de maior talento natural", mas que "ele não cumpriu essa promessa". Ele também observou que todos os três escritores "tinham idéias semi-fanáticas sobre religião, ou sobre patriotismo". Diary of David Fleischman, 21 de julho de 1938, citado em "James Joyce" por Richard Ellmann, p. 661, Oxford University Press (1983) ISBN 0-19-281465-6.

Referências

  1. ↑ a b c Kipling, Rudyard (1935). «Something of myself». University of Newcastle (public domain). Consultado em 3 de outubro de 2006. Arquivado do original em 18 de maio de 2008 also: 1935/1990. Something of myself and other autobiographical writings. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-40584-X.
  2. ↑ a b c d Rutherford, Andrew. 1987. General Preface to Oxford World's Classics Editions of Rudyard Kipling, in "Puck of Pook's Hill and Rewards and Fairies", por Rudyard Kipling. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-282575-5.
  3. ↑ Rutherford, Andrew. 1987. Introduction to the Oxford World's Classics edition of "Plains Tales from the Hills", by Rudyard Kipling. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-281652-7.
  4. ↑ Alfred Nobel Foundation (30 de setembro de 2006). «Who is the youngest ever to receive a Nobel Prize, and who is the oldest?». nobelprize.org. Consultado em 30 de setembro de 2006 
  5. ↑ Birkenhead, Lord. 1978. Rudyard Kipling, Appendix B, "Honours and Awards". Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London; Random House Inc., New York.
  6. ↑ Orwell, George (30 de setembro de 2006). «Essay on Kipling». Consultado em 30 de setembro de 2006 
  7. ↑ Lewis, Lisa. 1995. Introduction to the Oxford World's Classics edition of "Just So Stories", by Rudyard Kipling. Oxford University Press. pp.xv-xlii. ISBN 0-19-282276-4
  8. ↑ Quigley, Isabel. 1987. Introduction to the Oxford World's Classics edition of "The Complete Stalky & Co.", by Rudyard Kipling. Oxford University Press. pp.xiii-xxviii. ISBN 0-19-281660-8
  9. ↑ Said, Edward. 1993. Culture and Imperialism. London: Chatto & Windus. Page 196. ISBN 0-679-75054-1.
  10. ↑ Sandison, Alan. 1987. Introduction to the Oxford World's Classics edition of Kim, por Rudyard Kipling. Oxford University Press. pp. xiii–xxx. ISBN 0-19-281674-8.
  11. ↑ Douglas Kerr, University of Hong Kong. "Rudyard Kipling." The Literary Encyclopedia. 30 May. 2002. The Literary Dictionary Company. 26 de setembro de 2006. [1]
  12. ↑ Flanders, Judith. 2005. A Circle of Sisters: Alice Kipling, Georgiana Burne-Jones, Agnes Poynter, and Louisa Baldwin. W.W. Norton and Company, New York. ISBN 0-393-05210-9.
  13. ↑ a b Gilmour, David. 2002. The Long Recessional: The Imperial Life of Rudyard Kipling, Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, New York.
  14. ↑ thepotteries.org (13 de janeiro de 2002). «did you know ....». The potteries.org. Consultado em 2 de outubro de 2006 
  15. ↑ Sir J.J. College of Architecture (30 de setembro de 2006). «Campus». Sir J. J. College of Architecture, Mumbai. Consultado em 2 de outubro de 2006. Arquivado do original em 28 de julho de 2011 
  16. ↑ Murphy, Bernice M. (21 de junho de 1999). «Rudyard Kipling - A Brief Biography». School of English, The Queen's University of Belfast. Consultado em 6 de outubro de 2006. Arquivado do original em 14 de novembro de 2012 
  17. ↑ a b c d e Radcliffe, John, ed. (22 de janeiro de 2013). «The New Readers' Guide to the works of Rudyard Kipling» 
  18. ↑ a b c d e Rudyard Kipling: A Bibliographic Catalogue, James McG. Stewart, ed. A.W. Yeats (Dalhousie University Press, Toronto), 1959
  19. ↑ Obras relacionadas com Life's Handicap/Without Benefit of Clergy no Wikisource
  20. ↑ Lewis, Lisa (31 de março de 2005). «How the Whale got his Throat». The Kipling Society. Consultado em 28 de fevereiro de 2019 
  21. ↑ Roby, Kinley E. Rudyard Kipling Twayne's English Authors Series ; no. 439. Boston: Twayne, 1982.
  22. ↑ Kipling, Rudyard (1994). The Works of Rudyard Kipling (em inglês). [S.l.]: Wordsworth Editions. p. 326. ISBN 978-1-85326-405-4 

Ligações externas

Wikiquote
Wikiquote
O Wikiquote possui citações de ou sobre: Rudyard Kipling
Commons
Commons
O Commons possui imagens e outros ficheiros sobre Rudyard Kipling


Precedido por
Giosuè Carducci		 Nobel de Literatura
1907		 Sucedido por
Rudolf Eucken

Read other articles:

Konstantinos Angelos

Konstantinos AngelosLahirskt. 1093Meninggalset. 1166PengabdianKekaisaran Romawi TimurLama dinasskt. 1149–1166WarsPertempuran Bizantium-Hungaria, Peperangan Romawi Timur–NormanPasanganTheodora KomniniHubunganIoannes Doukas dan Andronikos Doukas Angelos (putra-putra) Konstantinos Angelos (bahasa Yunani: Κωνσταντῖνος Ἄγγελος; skt. 1093 1093 – set. 1166) merupakan seorang bangsawan Bizantium yang menikah dengan wangsa Komnenos dan menjabat sebagai komandan mi...

 

Caplak unggas

Argas Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Animalia Filum: Arthropoda Kelas: Arachnida Subkelas: Acari Ordo: Ixodida Famili: Argasidae Genus: ArgasLatreille, 1795 Species lihat teks Caplak unggas adalah sejenis serangga caplak yang biasa menyerang unggas dan bergenus Argas. Pranala http://books.google.co.id/books?id=9QnxNifPCQgC&pg=PA104&lpg=PA104&dq=Caplak+Ayam&source=bl&ots=zlyg75n6L9&sig=LpzHuFgEuq1mmLKDSDNJzT1psuA&hl=en&sa=X&ei=cKOmU5G1AtWfugTV4YHACA&ved=0...

 

Territorial evolution of Canada

This article is part of a series onCanadian Confederation Conferences Charlottetown, 1864Quebec, 1864London, 1866 People Fathers of ConfederationLaurentian elite Related Anti-Confederation PartyBritish North America ActsChesapeake AffairConstitutional historyGreat CoalitionQuebec ResolutionsTerritorial evolution of CanadaTrent Affair1867 Canadian federal election Canada Portalvte The history of post-confederation Canada began on July 1, 1867, when the British North American colonies of Canad...

Charles-Adolphe Wurtz

Charles Adolphe Wurtz (1817-1884) Adolphe Wurtz (26 November 1817 – 10 Mei 1884) adalah seorang kimiawan Prancis. Ia diingat baik atas reaksi Wurtznya, yang membentuk ikatan karbon-karbon dengan mereaksikan alkil halida dengan natrium, dan penemuan etilamina dengan etilena glikol. Wurtz jugalah seorang penulis dan pengajar yang berpengaruh. Pengawasan otoritas Umum Integrated Authority File (Jerman) ISNI 1 VIAF 1 WorldCat Perpustakaan nasional Norwegia Spanyol Prancis (data) T...

 

UA1 experiment

Particle physics experiment at CERN Super Proton–Antiproton Synchrotron(SppS)Key SppS ExperimentsUA1Underground Area 1UA2Underground Area 2UA4Underground Area 4UA5Underground Area 5SppS pre-acceleratorsPSProton SynchrotronAAAntiproton Accumulator The central section of the UA1 experiment on display at the Microcosm museum at CERN Interior of the central section of the UA1 experiment on display at the Microcosm museum at CERN The UA1 experiment (an abbreviation of Underground Area 1) was a h...

 

Heterosynaptic plasticity

In heterosynaptic plasticity, synaptic pathways that are not specifically stimulated undergo changes (synaptic plasticity) in addition to those who are specifically stimulated. Synaptic plasticity refers to a chemical synapse's ability to undergo changes in strength.[1] Synaptic plasticity is typically input-specific (i. e. homosynaptic plasticity), meaning that the activity in a particular neuron alters the efficacy of a synaptic connection between that neuron and its target. However...

Mirsaid Sultan-Galiev

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Desember 2022. Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Oktober 2022. Foto S...

 

Jacinto Grau

Spanish playwright Jacinto GrauBorn1877Barcelona, SpainDied14 August 1958Buenos Aires, ArgentinaNationalityCatalan Jacinto Grau Delgado (1877 – 14 August 1958) was a Spanish writer. Best known for his plays, and his theoretical approach to theater, he also wrote essays, short stories, and criticism.[1] Life Grau was born in Barcelona. He served as the Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of Loyalist Spain to Panama during the Spanish Civil War.[2] Following t...

 

Terrazas del Valle

City in Baja California, Mexico Terrazas del Valle – Terraces of the Valley – is a city in Baja California in Tijuana Municipality. The city had a population of 20,421 as of 2010.[1] Terrezas del Valle is located in the far east of the municipality, southeast of Tijuana and the last major city on the federal highway to Tecate. This town was founded in 1972 by Salvador Fuentes Ducoing[2] See also Mexico portal References ^ INEG 2010 Census. Retrieved May 1, 2011. ^ Registro...

Філософія

Частина серії проФілософіяLeft to right: Plato, Kant, Nietzsche, Buddha, Confucius, AverroesПлатонКантНіцшеБуддаКонфуційАверроес Філософи Епістемологи Естетики Етики Логіки Метафізики Соціально-політичні філософи Традиції Аналітична Арістотелівська Африканська Близькосхідна іранська Буддій�...

 

Hot Coffee (minigame)

Minigame in Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas The player, as CJ (right), engaging in the Hot Coffee minigame Hot Coffee is the unofficial name for a minigame in the 2004 action-adventure video game Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas by Rockstar Games. While it was not playable in the official game release, the modding community discovered hidden code that, when enabled, allows protagonist Carl CJ Johnson to have animated sexual intercourse with his in-game girlfriend. Rockstar Games president Sam Hous...

 

Данилова, Елена Юрьевна

В Википедии есть статьи о других людях с такой фамилией, см. Данилова. Елена Данилова Общая информация Полное имя Елена Юрьевна Данилова Прозвища Даня, Дани Родилась 17 июня 1987(1987-06-17)[1] (36 лет)Воронеж, СССР Гражданство  Россия Рост 170 см Позиция нападающий Клубная кар�...

Disinvestment

Concerted economic boycott to pressure a change in policy This article is about a form of political sanction. For the routine business practice, see divestment. This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. (April 2021) Disinvestment refers to the use of a concerted economic boycott to pressure a government, industry, or company towards a change ...

 

1979 Kenyan general election

Election in Kenya 1979 Kenyan presidential election8 November 1979Not heldDaniel Arap Moi ran unopposed←19781983→Politics of Kenya National Government Constitution History Human rights LGBT rights Executive President (list) William Ruto Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua Cabinet Prime Cabinet Secretary Musalia Mudavadi Attorney General Justin Muturi Director of Public Prosecutions Renson M. Ingonga Legislature National Assembly Speaker: Moses Wetangula List of members Constituencies Senate...

 

28 лютого

← лютий → Пн Вт Ср Чт Пт Сб Нд       1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29       2024 рік 28 лютого — 59-й день року в григоріанському календарі. До кінця року залишається 306 днів (307 днів — у високосні роки). Цей день в історії: 26 лютого—27 лютого—28 люто...

Makhnovshchina

Ukrainian anarchist movement Part of a series on theMakhnovshchina History 1917 Revolution Ukrainian–Soviet War Oleksandrivsk Uprising Austro-German invasion Battle of Dibrivka Battle of Donbas Battle of Perehonivka Eichenfeld massacre Polonsky conspiracy Starobilsk agreement Northern Taurida Operation Siege of Perekop Bolshevik–Makhnovist conflict PeopleMilitary commanders Belochub Bilash Bondarets Brova Budanov Cherednyak Chubenko Havrylenko Karetnyk Kotsur Kozhyn Kurylenko Lyuty H. Mak...

 

Славянское влияние в румынском языке

В конце VIII века славяне мигрировали сквозь восточнороманский ареал на Балканы Славянское влияние в румынском языке — слова и целые тематические пласты, заимствованные из славянских языков в румынский в разные исторические периоды. Славянское влияние прослеживаю...

 

الحرس الرئاسي الفلسطيني

الحرس الرئاسي الفلسطيني شعار الحرس الرئاسي الدولة  فلسطين الإنشاء 1994 الدور حماية الرئيس والشخصيات الهامة وأمن المواطنين المقر الرئيسي البيرة (رام الله) القادة القائد الحالي اللواء منير الزعبي تعديل مصدري - تعديل   الحرس الرئاسي الفلسطيني هو أحد الأجهزة العسكرية الع�...

صندوق التنمية الصناعية السعودي

صندوق التنمية الصناعية السعوديصندوق التنمية الصناعية السعوديمعلومات عامةالبلد  السعودية التأسيس 1394هـ 1974مالنوع صندوق حكومي سعوديالمقر الرئيسي الرياض السعوديةموقع الويب sidf.gov.sa المنظومة الاقتصاديةالصناعة التمويل الصناعي و تمويل المنشآت الصغيرة والمتوسطةالمنتجات خد�...

 

Level set

Subset of a function's domain on which its value is equal For the computational technique, see Level-set method. Level surface redirects here. For the application to force fields, see Equipotential surface. Points at constant slices of x2 = f (x1).Lines at constant slices of x3 = f (x1, x2).Planes at constant slices of x4 = f (x1, x2, x3).(n − 1)-dimensional level sets for functions of the form f (x1, x2, …, xn) = a1x1 + a2x2 + ⋯ + anxn where a1, a2, …, an are constants, in (n + 1)-di...