Relação axial

A relação axial ou razão axial, para qualquer estrutura ou forma com dois ou mais eixos, é a relação entre o comprimento (ou magnitude) desses eixos entre si - o eixo maior dividido pelo menor.[1] Entretanto, na química ou na ciência dos materiais, a razão axial (símbolo P) é usada para descrever moléculas rígidas semelhantes a bastonetes.[2][3] É definida como o comprimento da haste dividido pelo diâmetro da haste; e na física, a razão axial descreve a radiação eletromagnética com polarização elíptica ou circular. A razão axial é a relação entre as magnitudes do eixo maior e menor definido pelo vetor de campo elétrico.[4][5]

Componentes ortogonais

A relação axial é a proporção dos componentes ortogonais de um campo E. Um campo polarizado circularmente é composto de dois componentes de campo E ortogonais de igual amplitude (e 90 graus fora de fase). Como os componentes são de magnitude igual, a razão axial é 1 (ou 0 dB).

A relação axial para uma elipse é maior que 1 (> 0 dB). A razão axial para polarização linear pura é infinita, porque os componentes ortogonais do campo são zero.

Razões axiais são freqüentemente citadas para antenas nas quais a polarização desejada é circular. O valor ideal da relação axial para campos polarizados circularmente é 0 dB. Além disso, a proporção axial tende a se degradar longe do feixe principal de uma antena, portanto, a proporção axial pode ser indicada em uma folha de especificações (folha de dados) para uma antena da seguinte forma: "Razão axial: <3 dB para +-30 graus da viga principal ". Isso indica que o desvio da polarização circular é inferior a 3 dB na faixa angular especificada.[6]

Referências

  1. ↑ STEOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS, AXIAL RATIOS, CRYSTAL CALCULATIONS (2005)
  2. ↑ Morphological Control of Helical Solid Bilayers in High‐Axial‐Ratio Nanostructures Through Binary Self‐Assembly por George John (2002)
  3. ↑ Lattice axial ratio and large uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy in L10-type FePd single crystals prepared under compressive stress por H. Shima, K. Oikawa, A. Fujita, K. Fukamichi, K. Ishida, and A. SakumaPhys. Rev. B 70, 224408 (2004)
  4. ↑ Electromagnetic radiation from ingested sources in the human intestine between 150 MHz and 1.2 GHz por L.C. Chirwa ; P.A. Hammond ; S. Roy ; D.R.S. Cumming (2004)
  5. ↑ Terminal axial ratio optimization Inventores: Frank Kolak e Aleksandra Markina-Khusid (2011)
  6. ↑ «Antenna-Theory.com - Axial Ratio». www.antenna-theory.com. Consultado em 13 de março de 2021 
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