Rafael do Congo

Rafael
Manicongo em São Salvador
Rei de São Salvador
Reinado 1669
Predecessor(a) Álvaro VIII
Sucessor(a) Álvaro IX
Reinado 1670 - 1674
Predecessor(a) Álvaro IX
Sucessor(a) Daniel
Morte 1674
Dinastia Quinzala
Filho(s) Garcia IV

Rafael (Falecido em 1674) foi o manicongo do Reino do Congo em São Salvador, durante a Guerra civil por duas vezes. Em 1669 e entre 1670 e 1674.

Biografia

D. Rafael da Casa de Quinzala chegou ao trono em São Salvador após depor o autoproclamado rei Álvaro XIII, que tinha apoio do conde D. Paulo II de Soyo. [1] Logo após a rebelião, o conde Paulo II intervém e o depõe do trono de São Salvador, onde proclama D. Álvaro IX como rei pela Casa de Quimpanzo.

Rafael se refugia em no sul de Imbumbi, onde envia uma embaixada para Luanda pedindo proteção ao governador Francisco de Távora. [2] O rei recebe ajuda dos portugueses, que enviam uma expedição para reconduzir D. Rafael ao trono com apoio de um exercito sob o comando do capitão-mor João Soares de Almeida, ainda com uma marinha comandada por Luis Ferrera de Macedo.

Em meio ao primeiro encontro com as tropas de Soyo, os portugueses foram vitoriosos na Batalha de Ambidizi, em Junho de 1670. Na ocasião o conde D. Paulo II é morto. Dois meses depois, seu sucessor e irmão D. Estêvão I exterminou os portugueses na Batalha de Quitombo em 18 de outubro de 1670. [3]

Essa derrota não significou o fim do reinado de D. Rafael, que permanece em São Salvador até ser morto em um ataque de D. Pedro III da Casa de Quimpanzo. Pedro se autoproclama novamente como rei mas não governa a cidade por muito mais tempo. Dias depois começa um ataque de D. Daniel Gusmão, também da Casa de Quimpanzo e que se autoproclama rei em São Salvador. [4]

Referências


  1. ↑ «Africa: Revista do Centro de Estudos Africanos». African Studies Companion Online. Consultado em 21 de junho de 2020 
  2. ↑ Thornton, John K. (2020). A history of West Central Africa to 1850. Cambridge, United Kingdom: [s.n.] OCLC 1120787134 
  3. ↑ «Africa: Revista do Centro de Estudos Africanos». African Studies Companion Online. Consultado em 6 de junho de 2021 
  4. ↑ «Supplementum Epigraphicum GraecumKréyé. Stela. Op. cit. 240, n. 166.». Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum. Consultado em 6 de junho de 2021 

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