Protocolo de Tânger

O Protocolo de Tânger, também conhecido como Estatuto de Tânger, refere-se a um acordo internacional, assinado em 1923, que estabeleceu o estatuto internacional da cidade marroquina de Tânger. Isto levou ao estabelecimento da chamada Zona Internacional de Tânger.

História

Na cidade de Tânger estavam instaladas as sedes das delegações diplomáticas no Marrocos desde o final do século XIX.[1] A posição de Tânger e sua influência nas relações diplomáticas já havia se tornado um problema internacional durante a Primeira Crise do Marrocos. Desde o estabelecimento do Protetorado Espanhol do Marrocos, a questão sobre o status da administração desta cidade peculiar estava sendo um quebra-cabeça no tabuleiro internacional.

Bandeira utilizada na Zona Internacional.

Em 1923 foi assinado um acordo que estabeleceu o novo estatuto do território. Sob este acordo, a cidade de Tânger tornou-se uma zona internacional.[2] Este acordo foi assinado por representantes da Espanha, França e Reino Unido, posteriormente aderindo a Itália, Portugal, Bélgica e Países Baixos em 1928.[2]

Com o início da Segunda Guerra Mundial, a Espanha (sob a ditadura franquista) assumiu o controle da cidade em 14 de junho de 1940, tirando proveito da ocupação alemã da França. A partir daí, a cidade se tornou um importante foco de espionagem e contrabando, chegando a ser o centro da espionagem alemã no Norte da África.[3] Com o fim da guerra em 1945, as autoridades franquistas retornaram a cidade ao seu status anterior, sob a pressão das potências aliadas.[4] Naquele ano, a União Soviética passou a estar presente na comissão internacional da cidade. Tânger permaneceu sendo uma zona internacional até o Marrocos tornar-se independente em 1956.

Referências

  1. ↑ Cristóbal Robles Muñoz (2006); pág. 107
  2. ↑ a b Tangier International Zone
  3. ↑ Elvert, Jürgen; Schirmann, Sylvain (2008). pág. 73
  4. ↑ Graham H. Stuart (1983). pág. 33

Bibliografia

Ligações externas

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