Patriarcado Latino de Antioquia

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Patriarcado Latino de Antioquia Patriarchatus Antiochenus Latinorum
Patriarcado Latino de Antioquia Basílica de Santa Maria Maior, sede do patriarca latino de Antioquia em Roma
Localização
País	Principado de Antioquia Síria
Local	Antioquia Roma
Informação
Denominação	Igreja Católica Romana
Rito	Latino
Criação	1099
Supressão	1268
Instituição como Sé titular	1268
Catedral	Igreja de Cassiano (até 1268) Basílica de Santa Maria Maior
Situação atual	Abolido (1964)
Governo da diocese
Jurisdição	Patriarcado titular
dados em catholic-hierarchy.org dados em gcatholic.org Sés titulares da Igreja Católica

O Patriarcado Latino de Antioquia ou Patriarcado de Antioquia dos Latinos (em latim: Patriarchatus Antiochenus Latinorum) foi uma circunscrição eclesiástica da Igreja Católica do rito latino, criada na esteira da Primeira Cruzada por Boemundo I de Antioquia, em 1099. Feito uma sé titular em 1268, foi suprimido em 1964.^[1]^[2]

O Patriarca foi uma das maiores autoridades eclesiásticas dos Estados cruzados, trabalhando em prol do Catolicismo e como representante de todos os cristãos que viviam no territótio da diocese. Durante o período das Cruzadas foram duas hierarquias, uma grega e outra latina, cada um com suas próprias regras e liturgias bispos, abades, mosteiros e catedrais.

A jurisdição do patriarcado latino de Antioquia estendia-se desde o Principado de Antioquia, incluindo os condados de Edessa e Trípoli, perto do final do século XII foi acrescentado a ilha de Chipre.

História

Outras reclamantes da Sé de Antioquia : Igreja de Antioquia

Como resultado do Grande Cisma do Oriente de 1054, a Igreja Latina e a Oriental haviam se separado, lançando anátemas e excomunhões mútuas e considerando cada um como guardião da ortodoxia cristã. A cidade foi conquistada pelos muçulmanos em 638, retirado do Império Bizantino, caiu em 969 nas mãos dos turcos seljúcidas em 1084.

O imperador bizantino Aleixo I Comneno ficou esperança de usar a força militar e a capacidade dos cruzados para recuperar os territórios do Império Latino, incluindo Antioquia e sua sé patriarcal. Mas quando os cruzados conquistaram Antioquia, não apenas deu o imperador de Bizâncio, mas depois de algum tempo, expulsou o patriarca grego, D. João IV e o enviou para Constantinopla.

O imperador bizantino ficou indignado e começou a fazer de tudo para trazer o Patriarca grego de Antioquia, mas o Tratado de Devol de 1108, que previa o retorno do patriarca grego, nunca foi aplicado.

Por um breve período, houve uma articulação do patriarcado, quando Antioquia ficou sob o controle do imperador bizantino Manuel I Comneno, mas na maior parte do tempo só havia o Patriarca Latino. No entanto, durante todo o período do principado latino de Antioquia, o Patriarca latino foi reconhecido pelo imperador e desempenhou um papel muito importante (alianças político, diplomático, militar e civil, bem como religiosos) nas relações entre os Estados e os Cruzados no Império Bizantino.

O patriarca latino de Antioquia existiu, assim como o Principado, até a conquista pelos mamelucos em 1268 e, em seguida, enquanto o patriarca grego Teodósio IV voltou para Antioquia, o título de patriarca latino tornou-se meramente nominal, mas foi mantido durante vários séculos, com sede na Basílica de Santa Maria Maior, em Roma para ajudar, proteger e manter contato com Roma nas comunidades cristãs pequenas e isoladas no Oriente Médio, até a supressão em 1964.^[1]^[2]

Patriarcas

Referências

↑ ^a ^b «Former Patriarchate of Antioch». GCatholic. Consultado em 8 de maio de 2024
↑ ^a ^b «Antiochia {Antioch} (Titular See) [Catholic-Hierarchy]». www.catholic-hierarchy.org. Consultado em 8 de maio de 2024

Ligações externas

«Catholic Hierarchy» (em inglês)
«GCatholic» (em inglês)
«Catholic Encyclopedia» (em inglês)
(em francês) L. de Mas Latrie, Les Patriarches latins d'Antioche, in Revue de l'Orient latin, Tome II, Paris 1894, pp. 192–205

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