Osifekunde

Busto de Osifekunde encomendado por Pascal d'Avezac-Macaya à Dumontier em 1840[1]

Osifekunde de Ijebu (nascido por volta de 1793[2]) foi um ijebu cuja narrativa documentada, como uma vítima do comércio transatlântico de escravos, serve como um dos primeiros registros ocidentais do território Iorubá.[3]

Início da vida

Osifekunde era um ijebu de Epe, próximo a capital Ijebu Ode, mas nasceu em Makun, um subúrbio de Sagamu (na atual Nigéria), por volta de 1793.[4] Osifekunde era o segundo filho homem dos nove filhos de Adde Sounlou. Como seu pai, dedicou-se ao oficio de comerciante. Membro de uma família numerosa e aristocrática, era neto de Ochi-Wo, que no reino Ijebu ocupava o cargo de Ladeke, título local equivalente a um ministro de finanças.

Vítima do comércio escravagista

Osifekunde tinha cerca de 27 anos de idade (em junho de 1820) quando piratas ijós o capturaram em Lagos e o venderam no porto de Bobi (não distante do Delta do Níger) a um traficante de escravos brasileiro.[5]

Entrevistas com Marie-Armand Pascal d'Avezac-Macaya em Paris e retorno ao Brasil

No Brasil, ele viveu 17 anos e foi escravo doméstico de um negociante francês chamado Navarre que o levou a Paris em 1837, onde ele se tornou um homem livre. Em Paris, Osifekunde, que no Brasil era chamado de Joaquim, se tornou Joseph (José) e exerceu a mesma atividade de quando era escravo. Trabalhou em diversas casas particulares e em um hotel “garni" (sinônimo de hotel popular), de baixo custo.[1] Foi nesse período que ele conheceu Armand Pascal d'Avezac-Macaya, um etnógrafo e vice-presidente da Société Ethnologique de Paris, que tinha um grande interesse na África. D'Avesac entrevistou Osifekunde (usando um português pidgin, já que Osifekunde falava pouco ou nada de francês na época) por semanas e as memórias de Osifekunde sobre Ijebu Ode e Lagos (publicadas por Pascal d'Avezac-Macay em 1845) tornaram-se um complemento importante para o conhecimento europeu sobre a Costa da Guiné.[6][7]

Referências

  1. ↑ a b Ramos de Santana, Aderivaldo (2014). «Osifekunde : esclave au Brésil et homme libre en France (1820-1841)». La revue du Philanthrope, n° 5/2014. Consultado em 13 de fevereiro de 2020 
  2. ↑ Ramos de Santana, Aderivaldo (2018). «A extraordinária odisseia do comerciante ijebu que foi escravo no Brasil e homem livre na França (1820-1842)». Revista Afro-Ásia. Consultado em 13 de fevereiro de 2020 
  3. ↑ Curtin, Phillip D. Africa remembered; narratives by West Africans from the era of the slave trade. [S.l.: s.n.] 
  4. ↑ Ramos de Santana, Aderivaldo (2018). «A extraordinária odisseia do comerciante Ijebu que foi escravo no Brasil e homem livre na França (1820-1842)». Revista Afro-Ásia. Consultado em 13 de fevereiro de 2020 
  5. ↑ AVEZAC (D'), ARMAND. (2013). Notice sur le pays et le peuple des yebous en afrique. [Place of publication not identified],: HACHETTE LIVRE BNF. pp. 18–23. ISBN 2-01-285789-2. OCLC 987845666 
  6. ↑ Lloyd, P.C. Osifekunde of Ijebu. In Curtin. Africa remembered; narratives by West Africans from the era of the slave trade. Ed. [S.l.: s.n.] 
  7. ↑ I. A. Akinjogbin. War and Peace in Yorubaland, 1793-1893. [S.l.: s.n.] ISBN 9789781294976 

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