Onda de calor no Paquistão em 2015

Onda de calor no Paquistão em 2015
Data Junho de 2015
Local Paquistão
Mortes cerca de 2,000 mortes

Uma forte onda de calor com temperaturas de até 49 °C (120 °F) atingiu o sul do Paquistão em junho de 2015. Causou a morte de cerca de 2.000 pessoas, principalmente na província de Sinde e sua capital, Carachi,[1][2][3] que sofreu com falhas na água e energia.[4] A onda de calor também tirou a vida de animais de zoológicos[5] e de inúmeros animais de áreas agrícolas.[6] O evento ocorreu após uma onda de calor separada na vizinha Índia, que matou 2.500 pessoas em maio de 2015.[7]

Temperaturas registradas

Temperaturas extremas começaram a atingir as áreas do sul do Paquistão em 18 de junho de 2015 e atingiram o pico em 20 de junho:[8][9]

Data Local Temperatura
20 de junho de 2015 Carachi 45 °C (113 °F)
20 de junho de 2015 Larkana 49 °C (120 °F)
20 de junho de 2015 Turbat 49 °C (120 °F)
20 de junho de 2015 Sibi 49 °C (120 °F)
20 de junho de 2015 Rahim Yar Khan 43 °C (109 °F)
20 de junho de 2015 Dadu 44 °C (111 °F)
20 de junho de 2015 Multã 40 °C (104 °F)
20 de junho de 2015 Nawabshah 41 °C (106 °F)
20 de junho de 2015 Hiderabade 42 °C (108 °F)

Carachi registrou suas temperaturas mais altas desde 1979.[10] Em 24 de junho de 2015, a temperatura e o número de mortos começaram a diminuir;[11] a temperatura máxima em Carachi foi de 37 °C (98,6 °F), e as autoridades relataram 58 mortes em comparação com 300 no dia anterior.[5]

Medidas de emergência

O primeiro-ministro Nawaz Sharif declarou estado de emergência, ativou esforços militares,[10] e alertou as empresas de fornecimento de energia elétrica que ele não toleraria quedas de energia durante o Ramadã. O governo de Sinde declarou estado de emergência em todos os hospitais governamentais da província, e a Universidade de Carachi adiou suas provas por pelo menos um mês.[12] Um influente clérigo muçulmano no Paquistão decretou uma fátua que se "um médico religioso e qualificado" aconselhar (para segurança de vida), os muçulmanos podem pular ou quebrar o jejum diurno do Ramadã e, então, completar aqueles dias de jejum quando o Ramadã e a emergência já tiverem passado.[13]

No pico da onda de calor de junho de 2015, o número de cadáveres excedeu as capacidades locais de armazenamento ou sepultamento, pois os esforços de emergência se mostraram insuficientes para evitar as enormes perdas de vidas.[6][14]

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ Haider, Kamran; Anis, Khurrum (24 de junho de 2015). «Heat Wave Death Toll Rises to 2,000 in Pakistan's Financial Hub». Bloomberg News. Consultado em 3 de agosto de 2015 
  2. ↑ Mansoor, Hasan (30 de junho de 2015). «Heatstroke leaves another 26 dead in Sindh». Dawn. Consultado em 9 de agosto de 2015 
  3. ↑ «Heatwave death toll in Karachi reaches 1260». ARY News. 30 de junho de 2015. Consultado em 19 de agosto de 2015 
  4. ↑ «Onda de calor mata mais de mil no Paquistão». Deutsche Welle. 25 de junho de 2015. Consultado em 8 de julho de 2021 
  5. ↑ a b Imtiaz, Saba; ur-Rehman, Zia (25 de junho de 2015). «Temperature and Daily Death Toll Fall as Heat Wave Appears to Abate in Pakistan». The New York Times. Consultado em 3 de agosto de 2015 
  6. ↑ a b Majeed, Aamir (22 de junho de 2015). «Mortuaries fill up as heat continues to take scalps». Pakistan Today. Consultado em 3 de agosto de 2015 
  7. ↑ «India heatwave: death toll passes 2,500 as victim families fight for compensation». Reuters. 2 de junho de 2015. Consultado em 26 de junho de 2015 
  8. ↑ «Heat wave: Under scorching sun, Pakistan swelters». The Express Tribune. 21 de junho de 2015. Consultado em 22 de junho de 2015. Cópia arquivada em 22 de junho de 2015 
  9. ↑ «Temperature soars to 46, load shedding adds to woes». Geo TV. 20 de junho de 2015. Consultado em 22 de junho de 2015. Arquivado do original em 22 de junho de 2015 
  10. ↑ a b «Pakistan heatwave: Death toll crosses 800 people in Sindh». BBC News. 26 de junho de 2015. Consultado em 9 de agosto de 2015 
  11. ↑ «Número de mortos por onda de calor no Paquistão chega a 800». G1. 25 de junho de 2015. Consultado em 8 de julho de 2021 
  12. ↑ «Heatwave kills more than 120 in Pakistan». AFP. 22 de junho de 2015. Consultado em 22 de junho de 2015 
  13. ↑ Variyar, Mugdha (25 de junho de 2015). «Pakistan Heatwave: Ramadan Fatwa Allows Muslims to Break Fast During the Day as Death Toll Rises». International Business Times. Consultado em 25 de junho de 2015 
  14. ↑ «After more than 1,100 deaths, people raise their hands in prayer for rain». Daily Times Pakistan. 27 de junho de 2015. Consultado em 28 de junho de 2015. Arquivado do original em 1 de julho de 2015 
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