Madraça de Abdulazize Cã

Madraça de Abdulazize Cã
Madraça Abdulazizxon • Madraça Abd al-Aziz Khan
Madraça de Abdulazize Cã
Informações gerais
Tipo Madraça
Construção 1651-1652
Religião Islão sunita
Património Mundial
Ano 1993 [♦]
Referência 602 en fr es
Geografia
País Usbequistão
Cidade Bucara
Coordenadas 39° 46′ 34″ N, 64° 25′ 04″ L
Mapa
Localização em mapa dinâmico
Notas:
[♦] ^ Parte do sítio do Património Mundial "Centro histórico de Bucara"

A Madraça Abdulazize Cã ou Madraça de Abdalazize Cã (em usbeque: Abdulazizxon madrasasi) é uma antiga madraça (escola islâmica) no centro histórico de Bucara, um sítio classificado como Património Mundial pela UNESCO no Usbequistão.[1] Tem o nome do seu fundador, o cã de Bucara Abdulazize, e foi construída entre 1651 e 1652,[2] após ter derrotado um exército mogol em Balque.[3]

Juntamente com a Madraça Ulugue Begue, construída no fim da década de 1410 e situada em frente, no mesmo eixo longitudinal, a Madraça Abdulaziz Cã forma um kosh (conjunto monumental formado por um par de edifícios). Ambas as madraças situam-se a leste do bazar dos joalheiros. Atualmente o edifício tem lojas de recordações, de têxteis e de tapetes.

Descrição

A madraça tem planta retangular, com 60 por 48 metros e teve como modelo a Madraça Miriárabe, construída 120 anos antes.[3] A entrada é feita por um ivã (portal monumental de estilo persa), o qual, como os quatro ivãs do pátio interior (um em cada um dos lados), estão cobertos de azulejos azuis e amarelos, nos quais, ao contrário do que é usual na arquitetura islâmica, há motivos figurativos tradicionais, como o vaso da felicidade, o simurgue (criatura alada da mitologia persa) e até um dragão.[4] Os motivos florais e vegetais usados na decoração são também mais realistas do que é usual em edifícios islâmicos. A madraça é decorada com mosaicos, faiança (majólica) em relevo, azulejos, mármore esculpido, frescos de alabastro, ganch (madeira esculpida) e folhas de ouro. A decoração dum dos lados do pátio nunca chegou a ser concluída,[3] pois Abd al-Aziz foi destronado antes do fim das obras.[5]

Além das hujras (celas de habitação dos estudantes) e áreas comuns, a madraça tem duas mesquitas, uma usado no verão e outra, mais pequena, usada no inverno. O edifício tem também chaminés, uma inovação para a época.[5]

Notas e referências

  1. ↑ Historic Centre of Bukhara. UNESCO World Heritage Centre - World Heritage List (whc.unesco.org). Em inglês ; em francês ; em espanhol. Páginas visitadas em 27 de dezembro de 2020.
  2. ↑ «Abdulazizxon Madrasasi». archnet.org (em inglês). ArchNet: Islamic Architecture Community. Consultado em 27 de dezembro de 2020 
  3. ↑ a b c Ibbostson & Burford 2020, p. 242.
  4. ↑ Le Petit Futé Ouzbékistan 2012, p. 166
  5. ↑ a b Le Petit Futé Ouzbékistan 2012, p. 167

Bibliografia

  • Ouzbékistan (em francês), Guias Le Petit Futé, 2012, p. 166 
  • Asie centrale (em francês), Guias Le Petit Futé, 2008 
  • Aïni, Sadriddine (1956), Boukhara (em francês), Paris: NRF Gallimard 
  • Ibbostson, Sophie; Burford, Tim (2020), Uzbekistan, ISBN 9781784771089 (em inglês) 3.ª ed. , Chesham: Bradt Travel Guides 
  • Karimova, K.; Alimov, T. (2010), Бухара. Город и легенды [Bucara. Cidade e lendas] (em russo), Tasquente: ООО "Davr Nashriyoti" 
  • Pugachenkova, Galina; Rempel, Lazare (1980), Очерки искусства Средней Азии [Ensaios sobre a arte da Ásia Central] (em russo), Moscovo: Iskousstvo 
O Commons possui uma categoria com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre a Madraça de Abdulazize Cã
Imagem: Centro histórico de Bucara A Madraça de Abdulazize Cã está incluída no sítio "Centro histórico de Bucara", Património Mundial da UNESCO.

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