Língua ronga

Ronga
Falado(a) em: Moçambique, África do Sul
Região: ao sul de Maputo
Total de falantes: —
Família: Nigero-congolesa
 Atlântico-Congo
  Benue–Congo
   Bantoide
    Bantoide meridional
     Banta
      Banta meridional
       Tsua–ronga?
        Ronga
Códigos de língua
ISO 639-1: --
ISO 639-2: ---
ISO 639-3: rng

Ronga, também referido como XiRonga, Chironga, ShiRonga ou GiRonga, é uma das línguas originárias da província e cidade de Maputo, em Moçambique. Faz parte do ramo tsua-ronga das línguas bantu. Tem cerca de 650 mil falantes em Moçambique e 90 mil na África do Sul.

Alguns linguistas consideram que esta língua é uma forma ou dialecto da língua tsonga.

Na atualidade a língua, que já foi a mais falada na capital do país, está ameaçada pela preponderância do português e do xangana. As autoridades locais têm vindo a tomar medidas para evitar a decadência deste idioma, tornando-a língua de ensino e de trabalho. Esta língua também é conhecida como landim pelos falantes de português, uma vez que os seus falantes se referem à sua língua como xilandi.

Escrita

A língua Ronga usa uma forma própria do alfabeto latino revisada em 1989, na qual não existem as letras F e Q, nem C isolado. Apresenta, porém, as formas By, Ch, Hl, LhN’, Sv, Sw, Vh, Zv, Zw.

Missionários metodistas haviam criado em forma mais antiga que não tinha as letras F e Q, tendo diacríticos usados em formas alternativas de N, S, Z.

Alfabeto Metodista.
Letra: A B C D E G H I J K L M N Ṅ O P R S Ŝ T U V W X Y Z Ẑ
Pronúncia IPA: a b~β tʃ d e~ɛ ɡ h i dʒ k l m n ŋ ɔ~o p r s ʂ t u v w ʃ j z ʐ
Alfabeto 1989[1]
Letra A B By Ch D E G H Hl I J K L Lh M N Nʼ O P Ps R S Sv Sw T U V Vh W X Xj Y Z Zv Zw
Pronúncia IPA a b~β b͡ʐ tʃ d e~ɛ ɡ h ɸ i dʒ k l ʎ m n ŋ ɔ~o p p͡ʂ r s ʂ sʷ t u ʋ v w ʃ ʒ j z ʐ zʷ

Gramática

Ronga é gramaticalmente tão similar ao tsonga em muitas maneiras que os Censos a vêm considerando como um dialeto. O sistema de classes de substantivos e suas formas verbais são quase idênticas. Sua diferença mais imediatamente visível é o fato de ter sofrido maiores influências da língua portuguesa, pelos seus falantes viverem nas proximidades da capital Maputo.

Notas

  1. ↑ http://www.bisharat.net/A12N/MozaSource.htm

Bibliografia

  • Quintão, José Luís — Gramática de Xironga (Landim).

Ligações externas

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