Icovelauna

Icovelauna (Icovellauna) foi uma deusa céltica cultuada na Gália. Seus lugares de culto incluíam um templo octagonal em Le Sablon em Metz, originalmente construído sobre uma nascente,[1] da qual cinco inscrições dedicadas a ela foram recuperadas;[2] e Tréveris, onde Icovelauna foi honrada em uma inscrição no complexo do templo de Altbachtal.[3][4]A[›] Ambos os lugares se espalham pelo vale do Mosela da Gália oriental, nos quais agora se encontra a Lorena na França e a Renânia-Palatinado na Alemanha.[carece de fontes?]

No templo em Metz, uma escada em espiral, conduzia para baixo ao nível d´água, permitindo aos devotos deixar ofertas na nascente e/ou apanhar água. Uma estatueta de um gaulês local Mercúrio estava entre os ex-votos depositados no santuário.[1][5]

Seguindo Joseph Vendryes, Miranda Green interpreta a raiz gaulês ico- como "água" e caracteriza Icovelauna como uma "deusa-da-água" que "presidia o ninfeu em Sablon na bacia do Mosela, um local de nascente termal".[6] Xavier Delamarre, entretanto, considera esta interpretação ser muito improvável; no campo puramente etimológico, sugere que ico- possa ser o nome de um pássaro, talvez um pica-pau.[7] A raiz uellauno- foi variadamente interpretada, porém a interpretação como "chefe, comandante" recentemente encontrou apoio;[8] ver Vellauno.


Notas

^ A: Embora Jufer e Luginbühl também relatem um número de inscrições a Icovelauna em Malzéville,[9] tem sido sugerido que este é um erro de sua parte e que as inscrições em questão pertencem a Le Sablon em Metz.[10] O Epigraphik-Datenbank Clauss/Slaby não tem registros de quaisquer inscrições de Malzéville publicadas em CIL ou publicações similares.[11]

Referências

  1. ↑ a b Dyfed Lloyd Evans (2005). "Icovellauna: uma deusa gaulesa (derramadora divina das águas) Arquivado em 27 de agosto de 2006, no Wayback Machine." de www.celtnet.org.uk Arquivado em 29 de agosto de 2006, no Wayback Machine., acessado em 10 Setembro de 2006.
  2. ↑ CIL 13: 4294-4298. Destas, apenas CIL 13: 4294 está completa.
  3. ↑ CIL 13: 3644.
  4. ↑ Edith Mary Wightman (1970). Roman Trier and the Treveri. Rupert Hart-Davis, London, p.217.
  5. ↑ Le Sablon › L'histoire › Période gallo-romaine. Inclui uma linha, desenhando o poço sagrado de Icovelauna em Metz. Recuperado em 27-02-2010.
  6. ↑ Miranda Green (1986). The Gods of the Celts. Alan Sutton, Gloucs. ISBN 0-389-20672-5. pp.85, 165.
  7. ↑ Xavier Delamarre (2003). Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise : Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental, 2e édition. Éditions Errance. ISBN 2-87772-237-6. p.187. (em francês)
  8. ↑ Xavier Delamarre (op. cit.), p.310.
  9. ↑ Nicole Jufer & Thierry Luginbühl (2001). Les dieux gaulois : répertoire des noms de divinités celtiques connus par l'épigraphie, les textes antiques et la toponymie. Editions Errance, Paris. ISBN 2-87772-200-7. p.45; pp.50,70.
  10. ↑ Scrupulum (2007-03-19). Icovellauna: la bonne eau ou la grande Victoire? (em francês) Recuperado em 27-02-2010.
  11. ↑ Epigraphik-Datenbank Clauss/Slaby. Arquivado em 25 de março de 2010, no Wayback Machine. Recuperado em 27-02-2010.

Leitura avançada

  • J-M. Demarolle. "Les eaux et le sacré dans la Lorraine antique". In L'eau en Gaule, rites sacrés et thermalisme. Dossiers d'Archéologie n° 174, 1 September 1992.

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