HMS Gloucester (1909)

HMS Gloucester
 Reino Unido
Operador Marinha Real Britânica
Fabricante William Beardmore and Company
Homônimo Gloucester
Batimento de quilha 15 de abril de 1909
Lançamento 28 de outubro de 1909
Comissionamento outubro de 1910
Descomissionamento março de 1920
Destino Desmontado
Características gerais
Tipo de navio Cruzador rápido
Classe Town
Deslocamento 5 400 t (carregado)
Maquinário 2 turbinas a vapor
12 caldeiras
Comprimento 138,1 m
Boca 14,3 m
Calado 4,65 m
Propulsão 2 hélices
- 21 800 cv (16 000 kW)
Velocidade 25 nós (46 km/h)
Autonomia 5 830 milhas náuticas a 10 nós
(10 800 km a 19 km/h)
Armamento 2 canhões de 152 mm
10 canhões de 102 mm
4 canhões de 47 mm
2 tubos de torpedo de 450 mm
Blindagem Convés: 19 a 51 mm
Torre de comando: 152 mm
Tripulação 480

O HMS Gloucester foi um cruzador rápido operado pela Marinha Real Britânica e a segunda embarcação da Classe Town. Sua construção começou em abril de 1909 nos estaleiros da William Beardmore and Company na Escócia e foi lançado ao mar em outubro do mesmo ano, sendo comissionado na frota britânica em outubro de 1910. Seu armamento principal era composto por dois canhões de 152 milímetros e dez de 102 milímetros em montagens únicas, tinha um deslocamento carregado de mais de cinco mil toneladas e alcançava uma velocidade máxima de 25 nós.[1]

O Gloucester teve um início de carreira tranquilo, servindo primeiro na Frota Doméstica, onde permaneceu até ser transferido para o Mar Mediterrâneo no início de 1913.[1] A Primeira Guerra Mundial começou em agosto do ano seguinte e sua primeira ação foi perseguir os navios alemães SMS Goeben e SMS Breslau, brevemente entrando em confronto com o Breslau antes deles conseguirem fugir para o Império Otomano.[2] Depois disso realizou patrulhas no Oceano Índico no Oceano Atlântico em busca de corsários alemães, porém só foi capaz de capturar um único navio.[3]

O cruzador em seguida voltou para casa e foi designado para a Grande Frota. Participou no final de maio de 1916 da Batalha da Jutlândia, porém pouco fez por ter ficado do lado oposto dos navios inimigos durante a maior parte do confronto.[4] O Gloucester foi transferido para o Mar Adriático no final do ano, onde permaneceu até o final da guerra em novembro de 1918, com exceção de um pequeno período em meados de 1917 em que voltou para o Índico. Foi colocado na reserva em 1919 e descartado em março de 1920, sendo desmontado no ano seguinte.

Referências

  1. ↑ a b Preston 1985, p. 51.
  2. ↑ Massie 2004, pp. 31, 34–39, 44–45.
  3. ↑ Corbett 1997, pp. 255–257.
  4. ↑ Campbell 1986, pp. 150, 161, 250–252, 360.

Bibliografia

  • Campbell, N. J. M. (1986). Jutland: An Analysis of the Fighting. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-324-5 
  • Corbett, Julian (1997) [1929]. Naval Operations. Col: History of the Great War: Based on Official Documents. Vol. II. Londres & Nashville: Imperial War Museum & Battery Press. ISBN 1-870423-74-7 
  • Lyon, David (1977). «The First Town Class 1908–31». In: Preston, Antony. Warship. Vol. 1. Londres: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-132-7 
  • Massie, Robert K. (2004). Castles of Steel: Britain, Germany, and the Winning of the Great War at Sea. Londres: Random House. ISBN 0-224-04092-8 
  • Preston, Antony (1985). «Great Britain and Empire Forces». In: Gardiner, Robert; Gray, Randal. Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-85177-245-5 

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