Eustácio de Antioquia

São Eustácio de Antioquia
Eustácio de Antioquia
Bispo de Beroia, bispo de Antioquia, Confessor[1]
Nascimento Side, Panfília
Morte 337 ou 360
Veneração por Igreja Católica e Igreja Ortodoxa
Portal dos Santos

Eustácio de Antioquia, também chamado de o Eustácio, o Grande, foi o bispo de Antioquia entre 324 e 332 (quando ele foi banido)[2] ou 337 (quando ele morreu).[3] Ele era natural de Side, na Panfília. Por volta de 320, ele era bispo de Beroia (atual Alepo, na Síria) e se tornou bispo de Antioquia imediatamente antes do Primeiro Concílio de Niceia (325). Nele, ele se destacou como um opositor zeloso contra o arianismo, embora o Allocutio ad Imperatorem, que tem sido atribuído a ele dificilmente seja genuíno.

História

Sua polêmica anti-ariana contra Eusébio de Cesareia o tornou impopular entre os seus pares, bispos do leste, e um sínodo foi convocado em Antioquia em 332 o depôs por adultério[4], o que foi logo confirmado pelo imperador.

Como exemplo, na disputa com Eustácio, que se opunha à grande influência de Orígenes e sua prática exegética alegórica das escrituras, vendo nesta teologia as raízes do arianismo, Eusébio, um admirador de Orígenes, foi repreendido por Eustácio por desviar-se da fé de Niceia, e este foi, por sua vez, acusado de sabelianismo. Eustácio foi acusado, condenado e deposto num sínodo em Antioquia. A população da cidade se revoltou contra esta ação, enquanto os anti-eustacianos propunham Eusébio como o novo bispo, embora ele tenha recusado.

Ele ordenou um bispo, Mor José, para Edessa. Depois, ele foi para Índia com Tomé de Cana e 72 famílias. Ele foi banido para Trajanópolis na Trácia, onde morreu, provavelmente por volta de 337.

Obras

A única obra completa de Eustácio é o De Engastrimytho contra Origenem,[5] que discute o episódio da bruxa de Endor em I Samuel 28:3–25. Outros fragmentos foram enumerados por G. F. Loofs em Herzog-Hauck’s Realencyklopädie.

Os Comentários sobre o Hexamerão, atribuído a ele no manuscrito, não é autêntico.

Referências

  1. Butler's Lives of the Saints. St. Eustathius, Patriarch of Antioch, Confessor (em inglês). [S.l.: s.n.] 
  2. «Primates of the Apostolic See of Antioch» (em inglês). St. John of Damascus Faculty of Theology, University of Balamand. Consultado em 24 de dezembro de 2011. Arquivado do original em 31 de julho de 2011 
  3. «Patriarchs of Antioch: Chronological List» (em inglês). Syriac Orthodox Resources. Consultado em 24 de dezembro de 2011 
  4. Filostórgio, em Fócio I. «7». Epítome da História Eclesiástica de Fócio (em inglês). ii. [S.l.: s.n.] 
  5. Ed. por A. Jahn in Texte und Untersuchungen, ii. 4; J. H. Declerck em Corpus Christianorum - Series Graeca número 51, 2002

Precedido por
Paulino de Tiro
Patriarcas de Antioquia
324 - 332 ou 337
Sucedido por
Paulino de Tiro

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