Domínio do Ceilão



ලංකා ඩොමීනියන් රාජ්‍යය
Lanka Dominian Rajyaya
Dominion of Ceylon
Domínio do Ceilão
←
1948 – 1972 →
Flag Brasão
Bandeira Brasão de armas
Lema nacional
Sri Lanka Matha
(em português: "Mãe Sri Lanka")
Hino nacional
"God Save the King/Queen"


Localização de Ceilão
Localização de Ceilão
Continente Ásia
Região Ásia Meridional
País Sri Lanka
Capital Colombo
Língua oficial Cingalês, Tâmil, Inglês
Religião Budismo, Hinduísmo, Islã
Governo Parlamentarismo
Monarca
 • 1948–1952 Jorge VI
 • 1952–1972 Isabel II
Governador-Geral
 • 1948–1949 Henry Monck-Mason Moore
 • 1949–1954 Herwald Ramsbotham
 • 1954–1962 Oliver Ernest Goonetilleke
 • 1962–1972 William Gopallawa
Primeiro-Ministro
 • 1948–1952 D. S. Senanayake
 • 1952–1953 Dudley Senanayake
 • 1953–1956 John Kotelawala
 • 1956–1959 S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike
 • 1970–1972 Sirimavo Bandaranaike
Legislatura Parlamento do Ceilão
 • Câmara Superior Senado
 • Câmara Ingerior Câmara dos Representantes
Período histórico Século XX
 • 4 de fevereiro de 1948 Independência do Ceilão Britânico
 • 22 de maio de 1972 Transformação em república
Área
 • 1948 65,610 km2
População
 • 1948 est. 7,06 milhões 
 • 1956 est. 8,1 milhões 
 • 1962 est. 11 milhões 
 • 1971 est. 12,8 milhões 
Moeda Rupia do Ceilão

O Domínio do Ceilão (Cingalês: ලංකා ඩොමීනියන් රාජ්‍යය Lanka Dominian Rajyaya), ou simplesmente Ceilão, foi um domínio da Commonwealth entre 1948 e 1972. A colônia do Ceilão Britânico alcançou sua independência do Reino Unido em 1948. Em 1972, o Ceilão tornou-se uma república dentro da Commonwealth e alterou seu nome para Sri Lanka. É um país insular localizado na Ásia Meridional, por volta de 31 km ao sul da Índia.[carece de fontes?]

O país foi um centro da religião e cultura budista desde tempos antigos além de também possuir uma grande e forte presença hinduista.[1] A comunidade cingalesa formava a maior parte da população; os tâmil, concentrados no norte e leste da ilha, eram a maior minoria étnica. Outras comunidades incluiam os moors, burghers, kaffirs, malaios e os indígenas veddas.

Os maiores produtos econômicos e de exportação eram o chá, café, cocos, borracha e canela, todos nativos do país.[2] Depois de mais de dois mil anos de governos formados por reinos locais, partes do Ceilão foram colonizadas por Portugal e os Países Baixos no começo do século XVI, antes do total controle do país ter sido cedido ao Império Britânico em 1815.[carece de fontes?]

O Ceilão serviu como importante base para as forças Aliadas na luta contra o Império do Japão durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial.[3] Um movimento político nacionalista cresceu no país no início do século XX para alcançar uma independência, que foi eventualmente alcançada em 1948 depois de negociações com os britânicos.

Referências

  1. ↑ «Theravada Buddhism». BBC. Consultado em 30 de março de 2010 
  2. ↑ «Cinnamon». Encyclopædia Britannica. [S.l.: s.n.] 2008. (species Cinnamomum zeylanicum), bushy evergreen tree of the laurel family (Lauraceae) native to Bangladesh, Sri Lanka (Ceylon), the neighboring Malabar Coast of India, and Myanmar (Burma), and also cultivated in South America and the West Indies for the spice consisting of its dried inner bark. The bark was widely used as a spice due to its distinct odor. 
  3. ↑ British Prime Minister Winston Churchill described the moment a Japanese fleet prepared to invade Sri Lanka as "the most dangerous and distressing moment of the entire conflict." – Commonwealth Air Training Program Museum, The Saviour of Ceylon
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