Dayak

Dayak
Parada da cultura dayak em Bornéu (2016)
População total

c. 4,6 milhões

Regiões com população significativa
Indonésia 3 009 494 [1]
 Malásia 1 582 862 [2]
Línguas
Ngaju, Língua iban e outras Línguas dayak além de indonésio e malaio
Religiões
Catolicismo romano
  
 32,1%
Islão sunita
  
 31,6%
Protestantismo
  
 30,6%
Kaharingan(en)
  
 4,8%
Outras
  
 0,9%
[3]
Etnia
Austronésios
Grupos étnicos relacionados
Malgaxes
Chefe Dayak

O Dayak ou Dyak é uma etnia de Bornéu.[4] É um termo vago para mais de 200 subgrupos, localizados principalmente no interior do Bornéu, cada um com seu próprio dialeto, costumes, leis, território e cultura, apesar de traços distintivos comuns são facilmente identificáveis. Um dos maiores subgrupo é o Iban. As línguas Dayak são categorizadas como parte das línguas austronésias na Ásia. Os Dayaks eram animistas; No entanto, muitos foram convertidos ao cristianismo, ou abraçaram o Islã mais recentemente.[5][6] As estimativas para a faixa da população Dayak são de 2 a 4 milhões.

Cultura tradicional

A galeria no interior de um casa Dayak Kajan com caveiras e armas ao longo da parede, exibindo sua cultura de caçadores de cabeça

No passado, os Dayaks eram temidos por sua antiga tradição e prática de caçadores de cabeça. Após a conversão ao cristianismo ou islamismo e a legislação, por parte dos poderes coloniais proibindo, a prática desapareceu, apenas para ressurgir no final dos anos 90, quando os Dayaks começaram a atacar imigrantes Madurese em uma explosão de violência étnica.[7]

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ «Jumlah dan Persentase Penduduk menurut Kelompok Suku Bangsa» (PDF). media.neliti.com. Kewarganegaraan, suku bangsa, agama dan bahasa sehari-hari penduduk Indonesia. Consultado em 13 de maio de 2022 
  2. ↑ «Population Distribution and Demography» (PDF). Malaysian Department of Statistics. Arquivado do original (PDF) em 13 de novembro de 2013 
  3. ↑ Ananta, Aris; Arifin, Evi; Hasbullah, M.; Handayani, Nur; Pramono, Wahyu (2015). Demography of Indonesia's Ethnicity. Singapore: ISEAS Publishing. p. 272. ISBN 978-981-4519-87-8. Consultado em 8 de maio de 2020 
  4. ↑ «Ethnologue report for ISO 639 code: day». Consultado em 10 de março de 2012. Arquivado do original em 1 de outubro de 2007 
  5. ↑ http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article-9029561/Dayak[ligação inativa]
  6. ↑ WWF - Borneo people
  7. ↑ http://indahnesia.com/indonesia/SAMCHR/chronology.php

Bibliografia

  • Victor T King, Essays on Bornean Societies (Hull/Oxford, 1978).
  • Benedict Sandin, The Sea-Dayaks of Borneo before White Rajah Rule (London 1967).
  • Eric Hansen, Stranger in the Forest: On Foot Across Borneo, (Penguin, 1988), ISBN 0-375-72495-8.
  • Hans Scharer, Ngaju Religion: The Conception of God among a South Borneo People; translated by Rodney Needham (The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1963).
  • Norma Youngberg, The Queen's Gold (TEACH Services, 2000)
  • Judith M. Heimann, The Airmen and the Headhunters: A True Story of Lost Soldiers, Heroic Tribesmen and the Unlikeliest Rescue of World War II, (Harcourt, 2007), ISBN 978-0-15-101434-7
  • Jean Yves Domalain, Panjamon: I Was a Headhunter, (Publisher: William Morrow, January 1973), ISBN 0688001432, ISBN 978-0688001438

Ligações externas

O Commons possui uma categoria com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre Dayak
  • Este artigo foi inicialmente traduzido, total ou parcialmente, do artigo da Wikipédia em inglês cujo título é «Dayak People».

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