Conjunções do esperanto

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As conjunções do Esperanto são as que se seguem:

  • AŬ: ou, senão, do contrário, aliás.
  • ĈAR: porque (em resposta), pois, pois que.
  • ĈU: usada para introduzir uma oração interrogativa direta.
  • DO: pois, portanto, logo, então, por conseguinte.
  • KAJ: e.
  • KE: que (como conjunção, não como correlativo).
  • KVANKAM: ainda que, apesar de, embora, posto que, se bem que, conquanto.
  • NEK: nem.
  • OL: do que.
  • SE: se (se como conjunção).
  • SED: mas, porém.
  • TAMEN: todavia, entretanto.

Há alguns vocábulos que podem funcionar como conjunção, apesar de pertencerem a outras categorias:

  • APENAŬ: mal, "logo que".
  • DUM: enquanto, ao passo que.
  • ĜIS: até que.
  • KVAZAŬ: como se.
  • NU: ora.

As preposições Anstataŭ, por e krom passam à categoria de conjunção quando regem verbos (no modo infinitivo).

O esperanto possui também várias outras locuções conjuncionais:

  • Ĉiufoje kiam: toda vez que.
  • Ĉiam kiam: sempre que.
  • De (la tempo) kiam: desde o tempo que, desde quando.
  • Eĉ se: mesmo se, até mesmo se.
  • Escepte se: a menos que, exceto se.
  • Kiel ankaŭ: como também, assim como.
  • Kondiĉe ke: com a condição de que.
  • Konsente ke: admitindo-se que.
  • Malgraŭ ke: apesar de que, conquanto.
  • Por ke: para que.
  • Post kiam: depois que.
  • Same kiel: do mesmo modo que, assim como.
  • Se ne: se não.
  • Se nur: contando que.
  • Supoze ke: supondo/suposto que.
  • Tial ke: por isso que.
  • Tial ĉar: por esse motivo/causa foi que.
  • Tiel ke: de tal modo que, tanto que, tão... que.
  • Tuj kiam: logo que, assim que.

Temos ainda as expressões conjuncionais envolvendo repetição:

  • jen... jen...: ora... ora...
  • aŭ... aŭ...: ou... ou...
  • kaj... kaj...: tanto... quanto... (indicando inclusão, não comparação)
  • nek... nek...: nem... nem...
  • ju pli... des pli...: quanto mais... tanto mais...
  • ju pli... des malpli...: quanto mais... tanto menos...
  • ju malpli... des malpli...: quanto menos... tanto menos...
  • ju malpli... des pli...: quanto menos... tanto mais....

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