Condroblastoma

Chondroblastoma
Condroblastoma
Micrografia de um condroblastoma com H&E.
Especialidade oncologia
Classificação e recursos externos
CID-10 C40-C41
CID-ICD-O 9230
DiseasesDB 31489
eMedicine radio/164 orthoped/469
MeSH D002804
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Condroblastoma ou tumor de Condman é um tumor ósseo primário raro, geralmente benigno, pouco agressivo e de crescimento lento. Se origina de células imaturas da cartilagem (condroblastos) e geralmente aparece nos extremos (epífises) de ossos largos como o fêmur, tíbia ou úmero.

Causa

Estudos indicam que o problema pode estar em alterações no cromossomo 5 e 8, em mutação do p53 ou ainda nos genes 2q35, 3q21-23 ou 18q21. Não há consenso sobre os fatores de risco. [1]

Sinais e sintomas

Os sintomas mais comuns são[2]:

  • Dor óssea por longos períodos (80%), que podem durar meses ou anos, e pode ser leve, moderada ou intensa;
  • Massa palpável no local afetado (20%);
  • Dificuldade de mover as articulações envolvidas (10 a 12%). Quando afeta ossos da perna (fêmur ou tíbia) e pode causar dificuldade para andar, correr e subir escadas;
  • Raramente causa inchaço da articulação (artrite) ou induz atrofia muscular (3 a 5%).

Diagnóstico

Pode ser localizado e medido com uma radiografia(RX), tomografia computadorizada (TC), ressonância magnética (MRI) ou cintilografia óssea, mas necessita uma biópsia para ser diferenciada de outros tumores ósseos. Exibem cartilagem imatura, células gigantes e edema medular assim como um fibroma condromixoide, mas geralmente podem ser diferenciados por sua localização. [3]

Epidemiologia

Geralmente aparece em adolescentes ou adultos jovens, menores de 30 anos (média de idade ao diagnóstico: 15 anos) e é duas vezes mais comum em homens. Representam apenas 1% dos tumores ósseos.[4]

Tratamento

O procedimento cirúrgico para tratar um condroblastoma pode ser feito com[5]:

Referências

  1. ↑ http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1254949-overview#a7
  2. ↑ OYANEDEL Q, Roberto et al. ESTUDIO RADIOLÓGICO SIMPLE EN EL DIAGNOSTICO DE CONDROBLASTOMA EPIFISIARIO BENIGNO: CORRELACIÓN ANATOMO - RADIOLÓGICA. Rev. chil. radiol. [online]. 2007, vol.13, n.4 [citado 2016-03-16], pp. 185-190 . Disponible en: <http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-93082007000400003&lng=es&nrm=iso>. ISSN 0717-9308. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0717-93082007000400003.
  3. ↑ De Mattos, Camilia B. R., et al. "Chondroblastoma and Chondromyxoid Fibroma." Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 21.4 (2013): 225-233. Web. 5 Dec. 2015.
  4. ↑ http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1254949-overview#a6
  5. ↑ Timothy A Damron, MD; Chief Editor: Harris Gellman, MD et al. Chondroblastoma Treatment & Management

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