Citrato sintase

Citrato sintase
Citrato sintase
Centro catalítico da enzima citrato sintase.
Indicadores
Símbolo CS
HUGO 2422
Entrez 1431
OMIM 118950
UniProt O75390
Outros dados
Número EC 2.3.3.1
Locus Cr. 12 p11-qter

A enzima citrato sintase (E.C 2.3.3.1 [antigamente 4.1.3.7]) é uma enzima transferase, e controla o primeiro passo do ciclo de Krebs, também conhecido como "ciclo do ácido cítrico".

A citrato sintase está localizada no interior das células, mais especificamente na matriz mitocondrial, mas é codificada pelo DNA nuclear ao invés do mitocondrial. É sintetizada utilizando-se dos ribossomos do citoplasma, e então transportada para a matriz mitocondrial. É comumente utilizada como marcador quantitativo de enzima pela presença intacta da mitocôndria.

A enzima catalisa a reação de condensação de um resíduo de acetato contendo 2 carbonos de uma acetil coenzima A com uma molécula de oxaloacetato contendo quatro carbonos para formar um citrato de seis carbonos. O oxaloacetado será regenerado após completada uma série do ciclo de Krebs.

Acetil-CoA + Oxaloacetato + H2O Citrato sintase Citrato + CoA-SH


Inibição

A enzima é inibida pela alta concentração de ATP:ADP, Acetil-CoA:CoA e NADH:NAD, o que demonstra que há um alto suprimento de energia para a célula. A citrato sintase também é inibida pela succinil-CoA e pelo citrato, exemplos de inibição de produtos.

Referências

  • K. C. Usher, S. J. Remington, D. P. Martin, D. G. Drueckhammer (1994). A very short hydrogen bond provides only moderate stabilization of an enzyme-inhibitor complex of citrate synthase. Biochemistry. 33. [S.l.: s.n.] pp. 7753–7759 

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