Artéria glútea inferior

Artéria glútea inferior
Nome em Latim arteria glutea inferior
Vasculariza Músculos glúteo máximo, piriforme e quadrado femoral.
Origem Artéria ilíaca interna
Ramos Artéria acompanhante do nervo isquiático.
Veia Veias glúteas inferiores

A artéria glútea inferior (artéria isquiática) é um ramo terminal do tronco anterior da artéria ilíaca interna. Ela sai da pelve através do forame isquiático maior. É distribuída principalmente para a nádega e a parte de trás da coxa.

Estrutura

Origem

Ramo terminal menor dos dois ramos terminais do tronco anterior da artéria ilíaca interna (ver imagem; divisão posterior da artéria ilíaca interna).

Percurso

Ela passa posteriormente dentro da fáscia pélvica parietal. Ela viaja entre o nervo S1 e o(s) nervo(s) S2 (ou S2-S3).[1] Desce sobre os nervos do plexo sacral e o músculo piriforme, posterior à artéria pudenda interna. Passa pelo inferior do forame isquiático maior.[2] Sai da pelve inferior ao músculo piriforme, entre o músculo piriforme e o músculo coccígeo.

Em seguida, desce no intervalo entre o grande trocanter do fêmur e a tuberosidade do ísquio. É acompanhada pelo nervo isquiático e pelos nervos cutâneos posteriores femorais, e coberta pelo glúteo máximo. Está situada medialmente ao nervo isquiático. Continua descendo pela parte de trás da coxa, fornecendo suprimento para a pele e anastomosando com ramos das artérias perfurantes.[1]

Anastomoses

Forma anastomoses com a artéria glútea superior. Geralmente participa na formação da anastomose cruciforme da coxa, em que há junção da artéria glútea superior com a artéria circunflexa femoral medial e lateral, artéria obturatória, bem como a primeira artéria das artérias perfurantes, originadas da artéria femoral profunda.[1]

Dissecção evidencia artérias glúteas
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  1. a b c Moore, Keith L.; Dalley, Arthur F.; Agur, Anne M. R. (2018). Clinically Oriented Anatomy 8th ed. [S.l.]: Wolters Kluwer. ISBN 978-1-4963-4721-3 
  2. Hamdi, Moustapha; Gagnon, Alain R. (2009). «CHAPTER 28 - Gluteus flap». Flaps and Reconstructive Surgery. 2. [S.l.]: Saunders (imprint). pp. 377–395. ISBN 978-0-7216-0519-7. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7216-0519-7.00028-9 

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