Anã azul

Uma anã azul é uma classe prevista de estrela que se desenvolve a partir de uma anã vermelha depois de esgotar grande parte de seu suprimento de hidrogênio. Como as anãs vermelhas fundem seu hidrogênio lentamente e são totalmente convectivas (permitindo que todo o seu suprimento de hidrogênio seja fundido, em vez de apenas no núcleo), o Universo atualmente não é velho o suficiente para que qualquer anã azul tenha se formado, mas sua existência futura é prevista com base em modelos teóricos.[1]

As estrelas aumentam em luminosidade à medida que envelhecem, e uma estrela mais luminosa precisa irradiar energia mais rapidamente para manter o equilíbrio. Estrelas maiores que as anãs vermelhas fazem isso aumentando seu tamanho e se tornando gigantes vermelhas com áreas de superfície maiores. Em vez de se expandir, entretanto, prevê-se que as anãs vermelhas com menos de 0.25 M☉ massa solar aumentem sua taxa de radiação, aumentando sua temperatura de superfície e se tornando "mais azul". Isso ocorre porque as camadas superficiais das anãs vermelhas não se tornam significativamente mais opacas com o aumento da temperatura.[1] Apesar do nome, as anãs azuis não aumentam necessariamente de temperatura o suficiente para se tornarem estrelas azuis. Simulações foram conduzidas sobre a evolução futura das anãs vermelhas com massa estelar entre 0.06 M☉ e 0.25 M☉.[1][2][3] Das massas simuladas, a mais azul das estrelas anãs azuis no final da simulação começou como uma anã vermelha de 0.14 M☉ e terminou com uma temperatura de superfície de aproximadamente 8.600 K, tornando-a uma estrela branco-azulada de classe A.

As anãs azuis eventualmente evoluem para anãs brancas uma vez que seu combustível de hidrogênio se esgote completamente,[1] que por sua vez, eventualmente esfriará para se tornar uma anã negra.

Veja também

Referências

  1. ↑ a b c d Adams, F. C.; P. Bodenheimer; G. Laughlin (2005). «M dwarfs: planet formation and long term evolution». Astronomische Nachrichten. 326 (10): 913–919. Bibcode:2005AN....326..913A. doi:10.1002/asna.200510440 
  2. ↑ Laughlin, G.; Bodenheimer, P.; Adams, F.C. (10 de junho de 1997). «The End of the Main Sequence». The Astrophysical Journal. 482: 420-432 
  3. ↑ Adams, F.C.; Laughlin, G.; Graves, G.J.M. (2004). Red Dwarfs and the End of the Main Sequence. Revista Mexicana de Astronomia y Astrofisica. 22. pp. 46–49 

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