Aldeído protocatecuico

Aldeído protocatecuico
Alerta sobre risco à saúde
Nome IUPAC 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde
Outros nomes Protocatecaldeído
3,4-Diidroxibenzaldeído
Rancinamicina IV
Aldeído 3,4-diidroxibenzílico
Identificadores
Número CAS 139-85-5
PubChem 8768
SMILES
Propriedades
Fórmula molecular C7H6O3
Massa molar 138.12 g/mol
Ponto de fusão

150–157 °C[1]

Solubilidade em água pouco solúvel (6,3 g·l-1 a 20 °C)[2]
Riscos associados
Frases R R36/37/38
Frases S -
Compostos relacionados
Outros aniões/ânions Vanilina (4-hidroxi-3-metoxi-benzaldeido)
Veratraldeído (duas hidroxilas substituídas por grupos metoxi)
Derivados do catecol relacionados 3,4-Diidroxitolueno
Álcool protocatecuico
Ácido protocatecuico
3,4-Diidroxifenilacetaldeído (DOPAL, metabólito da dopamina)
Página de dados suplementares
Estrutura e propriedades n, εr, etc.
Dados termodinâmicos Phase behaviour
Solid, liquid, gas
Dados espectrais UV, IV, RMN, EM
Exceto onde denotado, os dados referem-se a
materiais sob condições normais de temperatura e pressão

Referências e avisos gerais sobre esta caixa.
Alerta sobre risco à saúde.

Aldeído protocatecuico. protocatecuicaldeído ou 3,4-di-hidroxibenzaldeído, é um aldeído fenólico. Este composto é liberado pelas rolhas de cortiça no vinho.[3]

Usos

Esta molécula pode ser usada como precursora na síntese da vanilina por biotransformação por culturas celulares de Capsicum frutescens um tipo de pimenta.[4] Também é encontrada no cogumelo Phellinus linteus.[5]

O isômero L-3,4-di-hidroxifenilglicina pode ser sintetizado a partir do aldeído protocatecuico.[6][7]

A enzima peroxidase de rábano silvestre (horseradish peroxidase, HRP), pode ser usada como uma ferramenta em química verde para obtenção do isômero L-3,4-di-hidroxifenilglicina de 3,4-di-hidroxibenzaldeído que é produzido por fungos medicinais como Phellinus linteus e Inonotus xeranticus.[8]

Síntese química

A partir de 3,4-dimetoxibenzaldeído, a síntese química de 3,4-di-hidroxifenilglicina pode ser realizada pelas reações de síntese e desmetilação de Strecker. A tirosinase oxida este aminoácido em quinona, glicil-o-benzoquinona, altamente instável como seu análogo mais complexo, a dopaquinona, mas não exibe reação de ciclização intramolecular, e ao invés disso, a exibe transformação fácil para finalmente gerar 3,4-di-hidroxibenzaldeído como produto isolável.[9]

Medicina

Pesquisas mostram que o aldeído protocatecuico inibe a migração e proliferação de células musculares lisas vasculares e a trombose intravascular, assim como a apoptose induzida por lipopolissacarídeo em células endoteliais humanas pela regulação da caspase 3.[10][11]

São evidenciadas também experimentalmente efeitos antifibróticos na fibrose hepática.[12] A inibição da replicação do vírus da hepatite B, tanto in vitro como in vivo é também evidenciada.[13]

Pesquisas da interação entre o aldeído protocatecuico e a albumina do soro humano, ocorrentes em três dimensões são feitas usando técnicas de espectroscopia de fluorescência.[14]

Referências

  1. Catálogo da Sigma-Aldrich, Aldeído protocatecuico, consultado em 22 de abril de 2011 
  2. Catálogo da Merck Aldeído protocatecuico acessado em 13 de março de 2010
  3. Polyphenolic Composition of Quercus suber Cork from Different Spanish Provenances. Elvira Conde, Estrella Cadahía, María Concepción García-Vallejo and Brígida Fernández de Simón, J. Agric. Food Chem., 1998, 46 (8), pp 3166–3171 doi:10.1021/jf970863k
  4. Biotransformation of protocatechuic aldehyde and caffeic acid to vanillin and capsaicin in freely suspended and immobilized cell cultures of Capsicum frutescens. Sathuluri Ramachandra Rao and Gokare Aswathanarayana Ravishankar, Journal of Biotechnology, Volume 76, Issues 2-3, 21 January 2000, Pages 137-146 doi:10.1016/S0168-1656(99)00177-7
  5. Lee YS, Kang YH, Jung JY,; et al. «Protein glycation inhibitors from the fruiting body of Phellinus linteus» ([ligação inativa]). Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 31 (10): 1968–72. PMID 18827365. doi:10.1248/bpb.31.1968 
  6. Faber, K. Biotransformations. Springer Science & Business Media, 2003. pág. 88.
  7. Goodwin, B.L. Handbook of Biotransformations of Aromatic Compounds. CRC Press, 2004. páginas D182, P79.
  8. Lopes, Guido R.; Pinto, Diana C. G. A.; Silva, Artur M. S. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a tool in green chemistry. RSC Adv., 2014,4, 37244-37265. - pubs.rsc.org
  9. Sugumaran M, Tan S, Sun HL. Tyrosinase-catalyzed oxidation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycine. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1996 May 15;329(2):175-80. - www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
  10. Moon CY, Ku CR, Cho YH, Lee EJ.; Protocatechuic aldehyde inhibits migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and intravascular thrombosis.; Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2012 Jun 22;423(1):116-21. Epub 2012 May 26. PMID 22640742
  11. Ya-Ling Xing1, et al.; Protocatechuic Aldehyde Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-induced Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Apoptosis via Regulation of Caspase-3; Phytotherapy Research, Volume 26, Issue 9, pages 1334–1341, September 2012 - doi:10.1002/ptr.3720
  12. Chunmei Li, Wanglin Jiang, Haibo Zhu, Jian Hou; Antifibrotic effects of protocatechuic aldehyde on experimental liver fibrosis.; Pharmaceutical Biology (impact factor: 0.88). 12/2011; 50(4):413-9. DOI:10.3109/13880209.2011.608193
  13. Zhou Z, et al.; Protocatechuic aldehyde inhibits hepatitis B virus replication both in vitro and in vivo.; Antiviral Research 2007, 74(1):59-64 - doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2006.12.005
  14. Jing Tian, Changyun Chen, and Mengwei Xue; The interaction between protocatechuic aldehyde and human serum albumin using three-dimensional fluorescence techniques; Spectroscopy, Volume 26 (2011), Issue 3, Pages 195-201 - doi:10.3233/SPE-2011-0539

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