A kékszakállú herceg vára

O Castelo de Barba-Azul (Húngaro: A kékszakállú herceg vára) é uma ópera em um ato, a única de autoria do húngaro Béla Bartók, composta em 1911. O libreto foi escrito pelo poeta Béla Balázs, também húngaro, amigo de Bartók, inspirado pelo conto Barba-Azul, de Charles Perrault[1].

Forte em aspectos simbolistas, a obra utiliza-se de apenas dois cantores acompanhados por uma grande orquestra, de mais de noventa músicos.

O Barba Azul e sua jovem esposa, em ilustração de Gustave Doré (1867).

Histórico

Balázs escreveu o libreto de O Castelo do Barba-Azul entre 1908 e 1910. Em seguida, Bartók compôs a ópera a fim de disputar um concurso de música para teatro, sem entretanto conseguir o prêmio. Acrescentou algumas alterações em 1912, para um novo concurso, e deu forma final à composição em 1917.

A primeira montagem aconteceu em 1918, com Oszkár Kálmán como Barba-Azul e Olga Haselbeck no papel de Judite.

Após a revolução de 1919, Bartók foi obrigado pelo governo húngaro a retirar da ópera o nome de Balázs, que havia fugido do país e se exilado em Viena. O Castelo do Barba-Azul só voltaria a ser encenada na Hungria em 1936.

Sinopse

A história se passa no interior de um castelo, com apenas dois personagens: os recém-casados Barba-Azul (baixo ou baixo-barítono) e Judite (soprano ou meio-soprano. As três primeiras mulheres de Barba-Azul aparecem em cena, porém em papeis mudos, e há ainda um prólogo narrado por um Bardo.

A ópera começa com a chegada do casal ao castelo. Pesa sobre o nobre a suspeita de haver matado suas três primeiras mulheres, e por isso Judite, diante da escuridão do ambiente, pede que as portas sejam abertas.

Barba-Azul resiste, mas, diante da insistência da mulher, vai abrindo uma a uma as portas de sete aposentos, revelando uma câmara de torturas, um jardim e um lago de lágrimas, entre outros[2].

Montagens no Brasil

No Brasil, a ópera ganhou uma montagem de Felipe Hirsch. Apresentada inicialmente em 2006, em Belo Horizonte, foi levada a São Paulo em 2008, quando ganhou o Prêmio Carlos Gomes. Em 2011, foi apresentada no Rio de Janeiro

Apreciação

George Steiner escreveu um ensaio sobre esta obra.[3]

Referências

  1. ↑ A fragilidade de Barba-Azul Arquivado em 4 de dezembro de 2011, no Wayback Machine.. Revista - Cultura.rj, 2 de dezembro de 2011
  2. ↑ O Castelo de Barba-Azul, de Bartók, no Municipal-RJ. Movimento.com, 28 de novembro de 2011
  3. ↑ Lucas, Isabel (19 de Outubro de 2018). «A vida como texto a corrigir». Público. Consultado em 2 de abril de 2020 

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