Ácido beénico

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Considere colocar uma explicação mais detalhada na discussão. (Dezembro de 2009)

Ácido beénico Alerta sobre risco à saúde

Nome IUPAC	Ácido docosanoico
Outros nomes	Ácido beênico, ácido docosanoico; ácido 1-docosanoico; ácido n-docosanoico, n-docosanoato, glicon B-70, ácido de hidrofol 560, hidrofol 2022-55, histrênio 5522, histrênio 9022, Prifrac 2989
Identificadores
Número CAS	112-85-6
PubChem	8215
Número EINECS	204-010-8
SMILES	`OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC`
Propriedades
Fórmula molecular	C₂₂H₄₄O₂
Massa molar	340.58 g/mol
Aparência	Branca para cristais amarelados ou pó
Ponto de fusão	74 - 78 °C^[1]
Ponto de ebulição	306 °C
Riscos associados
NFPA 704	1 1 0
Compostos relacionados
Ácidos graxos relacionados	Ácido araquídico (C20) Ácido erúcico (1 insaturação, ômega 9) DHA (6 insaturações, ômega 3) Ácido lignocérico (C24)
Compostos relacionados	Docosanol (álcool beénico) Behenato de metila Behenato de glicerila Behenato de prata
Página de dados suplementares
Estrutura e propriedades	n, ε_r, etc.
Dados termodinâmicos	Phase behaviour Solid, liquid, gas
Dados espectrais	UV, IV, RMN, EM
Exceto onde denotado, os dados referem-se a materiais sob condições normais de temperatura e pressão Referências e avisos gerais sobre esta caixa. Alerta sobre risco à saúde.

O ácido beénico ou ácido docosanoico é o ácido graxo saturado com 22 carbonos de cadeia linear, de fórmula química C₂₁H₄₃COOH. A sua aparência é um cristal ou pó de cor branca ou cremosa. Seu ponto de fusão é 74-78°C e o seu ponto de ebulição é 306°C.

Ele é o principal componente, com 9%, do óleo de Ben, que é extraído das sementes da acácia-branca (Moringa oleifera). O nome beénico vem do décimo primeiro mês do calendário iraniano, Bamã, quando ocorre a colheita das raízes desta árvore.

O ácido beénico também está presente em outros óleos vegetais, inclusive óleo de colza (canola), óleo de amendoim e a pele do amendoim. Estima-se que uma tonelada contenha 6 kg de ácido beénico. A aplicação comercial do ácido é dar a condicionadores e hidratantes de cabelo propriedades alisantes. ^[2]

Na dieta, o ácido beénico tem fraca absorção. Apesar de ser pouco disponível biologicamente, quando comparado com o ácido oleico, o ácido beénico é responsável pelo aumento no colesterol em humanos.^[3]

A redução do ácido beénico gera o álcool beénico.

Referências

↑ «Safety (MSDS) data for behenic acid». Arquivado do original em 18 de outubro de 2007
↑ «USDA Scientists Find Treasure in Peanut Skins». Arquivado do original em 23 de março de 2006
↑ Caterm, Nilo B and Margo A Denke. January 2001 Behenic acid is a cholesterol-raising saturated fatty acid in humans. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, v 73, No. 1, pp41-44.

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