Wieki ciemne (średniowiecze)

Ten artykuł dotyczy okresu w średniowieczu. Zobacz też: okres w epoce starożytności.
Mapa świata (półkula wschodnia) w roku 600 n.e.
Francesco Petrarca, który wprowadził pojęcie europejskich „wieków ciemnych”[1].

Wieki ciemne (ang. dark ages) – określenie subiektywne, używane odnośnie do okresu historycznego trwającego od końca V wieku (upadek cesarstwa rzymskiego) do połowy X wieku, nazwanego tak przez niektórych historyków ze względu na niewielki zasób źródeł pisanych z tych czasów oraz przeświadczenie o znacznym upadku kultury, czemu przeczy np. renesans karoliński[2]. Jest to okres powstawania królestw barbarzyńskich, kryzysu w Cesarstwie Bizantyńskim i początku ekspansji Arabów. Poza tym w wieku IX miała miejsce misja Cyryla i Metodego, która zapoczątkowała rozwój chrześcijaństwa wśród Słowian.

Część historyków proponuje, aby wieki ciemne były traktowane jako odrębna od średniowiecza epoka. Jej monografię napisał William Paton Ker[3].

Zobacz też

Przypisy

  1. ↑ Andrea di Bartolo di Bargillac, Poczet znakomitych mężów i niewiast, s. 1450.
  2. ↑ Teresa Kostkiewiczowa, Renesans karoliński, [w:] Michał Głowiński i inni, Słownik terminów literackich, Wrocław 2002.
  3. ↑ William Paton Ker, Wczesne średniowiecze, Wrocław 1977.

Linki zewnętrzne

Epoki historyczne
  1. ↑ Przez większość historyków uważane za część średniowiecza

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