Piktogram

Biuro Rzeczy Znalezionych – piktogram

Piktogram (łac. pictus — „narysowany” i stgr. γράμμα grámma — „pismo”)[1] – przedstawienie pojęcia (opisywanego wyrazem bądź równoważnikiem zdania) za pomocą obrazka w oderwaniu od zapisu. Piktogramami są np. hieroglify, znaki drogowe i ostrzegawcze, oznaczenia przeciwpożarowe. Formą piktogramu jest również ideogram.

Piktogram pełni ważną funkcję w komunikacji niewerbalnej. Dzięki zastąpieniu słowa pisanego elementem graficznym zwiększono czytelność przekazu oraz ominięto barierę językową. Użycie piktogramów ułatwia też wspomaganie mowy osób upośledzonych i z trudnościami w porozumiewaniu się.

Historia

W pradziejach zaczęto stosować piktogramy początkowo jeszcze nie jako system pisma lecz do np. zapisów mnemotechnicznych. Znamy piktogramy m.in. z kultury amrańskiej (Egipt), z warstwy Uruk IVa (Sumer), elamickie (Suzjana) czy luwijskie. Za protopismo (pismo protosynajskie) uważa się symbole kultury Vinča.

Zobacz też

Informacje w projektach siostrzanych
 Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons
 Definicje słownikowe w Wikisłowniku

Przypisy

  1. ↑ Władysław Kopaliński: piktografia. [w:] Słownik wyrazów obcych i zwrotów obcojęzycznych [on-line]. slownik-online.pl. [dostęp 2013-06-14]. [zarchiwizowane z tego adresu (2013-07-02)].

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