Namorik (atol)

Namorik
Ilustracja
Atol Namorik na zdjęciu NASA z 2000 roku
Państwo

 Wyspy Marshalla

Akwen

Ocean Spokojny

Powierzchnia

2,77 km²

Populacja (2011)
• liczba ludności
• gęstość


508
183 os./km²

Położenie na mapie Wysp Marshalla
Mapa konturowa Wysp Marshalla, na dole nieco na prawo znajduje się punkt z opisem „Namorik”
Położenie na mapie Oceanii
Mapa konturowa Oceanii, blisko centrum u góry znajduje się punkt z opisem „Namorik”
Ziemia5°37′N 168°07′E/5,616667 168,116667
Mapa wyspy
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Namorik (marsz. Nam̧dik[1][2]) – jeden z atoli łańcucha Ralik Chain w archipelagu Wysp Marshalla w środkowej części Oceanu Spokojnego. W jego skład wchodzą 2 wysepki, o łącznej powierzchni 2,77 km². Otaczają one lagunę o powierzchni około 8,42 km². Według danych za rok 2011 atol zamieszkiwało łącznie 508 osób.

Nazwa

Nazwa atolu Namorik pochodzi od marsz. Nam̧dik oznaczającego „małą drugorzędną lagunę”[1][2]. W przeszłości w kartografii i księgach pokładowych funkcjonowały również nazwy: Baring Islands, Klein-Namo czy Namurik[3].

Geografia

Atol znajduje się w łańcuchu Ralik Chain w archipelagu Wysp Marshalla w środkowej części Oceanu Spokojnego. Leży ok. 400 km od stolicy kraju – Majuro i jest jednym z najbardziej wysuniętych na południe atoli Wysp Marshalla[4]. Obejmuje 2 wysepki, o łącznej powierzchni 2,77 km², które otaczają lagunę o powierzchni około 8,42 km²[3]. Jest to dwudziesty pod względem powierzchni lądu i dwudziesty ósmy co do wielkości laguny atol Wysp Marshalla[3].

Na atolu rozwijana jest hodowla czarnych pereł wytwarzanych przez małże z gatunku Pinctada margaritifera, które na Wyspach Marshalla występują jedynie w wodach laguny Namoriku[4].

Na atolu znajduje się lotnisko (kod IATA: NDK)[5].

Demografia

Na atolu w 2011 mieszkało 508 osób (spadek w stosunku do 1999 roku, kiedy to liczba ta wynosiła 772)[6].

Flora i fauna

Baza danych Avibase podaje (stan na rok 2017), że na atolu występuje 35 gatunków ptaków, w tym trzy narażone na wyginięcie: nawałnik duży (Hydrobates leucorhous), burzyk szarogrzbiety (Ardenna bulleri) i kulik alaskański (Numenius tahitiensis)[7].

Historia

Dla Europejczyków atol został odkryty w 1792 roku, przez Brytyjczyka Henry'ego Bonda – kapitana statku Royal Admiral[8][9][10].

Przypisy

  1. ↑ a b Marshallese-English Dictionary – Place Name Index. Marshallese-English Dictionary. [dostęp 2017-07-13]. (ang.).
  2. ↑ a b Nazewnictwo Geograficzne Świata. Zeszyt 1. Komisja Standaryzacji Nazw Geograficznych, 2004, s. 143. ISBN 83-239-7552-3. [dostęp 2017-07-13]. (pol.).
  3. ↑ a b c Digital Micronesia-An Electronic Library & Archive: Marshall Islands Atoll Information Namorik Atoll. [dostęp 2017-07-13]. (ang.).
  4. ↑ a b Namdrik Atoll. [w:] Marshall Islands Guide [on-line]. [dostęp 2017-07-13]. (ang.).
  5. ↑ NDK – Namorik Atoll, MH – Airport – Great Circle Mapper. Great Circle Mapper. [dostęp 2017-07-13]. (ang.).
  6. ↑ Economic Policy, Planning, and Statistics Office, Office of the President: The RMI 2011 Census of Population and Housing. Summary and Highlights Only. U.S. Department of the Interior, 2017-06-18. s. 7. [dostęp 2017-07-13]. [zarchiwizowane z tego adresu]. (ang.).
  7. ↑ Denis Lepage: Avibase – Bird Checklists of the World Namorik Atoll. [w:] Avibase – Bird Checklists of the World [on-line]. [dostęp 2017-07-13]. (ang.).
  8. ↑ Max Quanchi, John Robson: Historical Dictionary of the Discovery and Exploration of the Pacific Islands. Lanham, Maryland; Toronto; Oxford: The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 2005, s. XX. ISBN 0-8108-5395-7. [dostęp 2017-07-13].
  9. ↑ Dirk H.R. Spennemann: Ships visiting the Marshall Islands (until 1885) Namorik Atoll. [w:] Digital Micronesia-An Electronic Library & Archive [on-line]. [dostęp 2017-07-13]. (ang.).
  10. ↑ Francis X. Hezel: The First Taint of Civilization: A History of the Caroline and Marshall Islands in Pre-colonial Days, 1521-1885. University of Hawaii Press, 1994, s. 82. ISBN 978-0-8248-1643-8. [dostęp 2017-07-13]. (ang.).
Wyspy i atole Wysp Marshalla
Ratak Chain („Wschód Słońca”, Wschodnie)
Ralik Chain („Zachód Słońca”, Zachodnie)

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