Apoenzymy

Apoenzymy – białkowe części enzymu, które po połączeniu z odpowiednimi koenzymami[1] lub grupami prostetycznymi[2] tworzą holoenzymy. Z reguły dopiero holoenzym jest w pełni funkcjonalnym enzymem, bowiem koenzymy odgrywają kluczową rolę w mechanizmie reakcji enzymatycznej. Apoenzym decyduje o swoistości enzymu oraz często o rodzaju reakcji jaką enzym jest zdolny katalizować.

W badaniu metaloenzymów ważną część stanowi przygotowanie apoenzymów in vitro, polegające na usunięciu z nich natywnych jonów metali za pomocą różnych czynników chelatujących. Przygotowanie nieaktywnego apoenzymu, któremu można całkowicie przywrócić aktywność przez dodanie odpowiedniego jonu metalu, potwierdza niezbędność tego jonu w układzie enzymatycznym.

Przypisy

  1. Hasło Apoenzym w ENCYKLOPEDII TECHNIKI - chemia, WNT , Warszawa 1965
  2. Lubert Stryer: Biochemia. Warszawa: PWN, 1986, s. 57. ISBN 83-01-00140-2.

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