Lota (Chile)

Lota

Våpen

LandChiles flagg Chile
Grunnlagt1662
Retningsnummer56-41
Areal159 kvadratkilometer[1]
Befolkning43 272[1] (2017)
Bef.tetthet272,15 innb./kvadratkilometer
Høyde o.h.82 meter
Nettsidewww.lota.cl/
Kart
Lota
37°05′40″S 73°09′23″V
Lota på Commons

Lota er en by i Chile ved Araucogulfen i Biobío regionen.

Historie

Den første spanske bosetningen var Santa Maria de Guadalupe soom ble grunnlagt av guvernør Ángel de Peredo den 12. oktober 1662. Dette samfunnet gikk imidlertid tilgrunne under Araucokrigen. I det 19. århunder grodde byen sammen med utviklingen innen kullgruveindustrien. Bystatus fikk området den 5. januar 1875 og storby i den 30. november 1881. Det antas at navnet Lota kan avledes av ordet Louta på Mapudungun og betyr lite eller ubetydelig tettsted.

Byens kullindustri ble nasjonalisert av Salvador Allende, men senere igjen privatisert under Augusto Pinochet.[2] Utover på 1990-tallet var Lotas kullreserver sterkt redusert og ble utkonkurrert av billigere kull fra Colombia. Gruvene ble stengt, noe som førte til en lokal økonomisk depresjon.

Idag er Lota en av de fattigste byene i Chile og forsøker å rette sin økonomi i retning av turisme med besøk i de nedlagte gruvene, White Beatch, Lotas parker, etablert av Cousiño familien og Lotas historiske museum. Lota har også Chiles eldste vannkraftverk Chivilingo Hydroelectric Plant. Dette ble konstruert av Thomas Edison og bygget i 1897.

Interessante steder

Demografi

Ifølge folketellingen i 2002 til det National Statistics Institute dekker Lota et område 135,8 km² med 49 089 innbyggere (23 944 menn og 25 145 kvinner). Av disse bor 99,8 % i tettbygde strøk. Fra forrige folketelling i 1992 sank befokningstallet med 2,3 %.[3]

Referanser

  1. ^ a b https://geoarchivos.ine.cl/File/pub/Cd_Pb_Al_Cs_2019.pdf; Folketellingen 2017 i Chile; besøksdato: 16. mars 2020.
  2. ^ Clifford Krauss, Chile's Leader Remains Socialist but Acts Like Pragmatist, Copyright 2001 The New York Times Company. December 10, 2001, Monday, Late Edition – Final Arkivert 5. mars 2008 hos Wayback Machine.
  3. ^ «National Statistics Institute». Besøkt 13. desember 2010. 

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