Loddetinn

Loddetinn er en legering av metaller med lavt smeltepunkt, først og fremst tinn, bly og sølv. Loddetinn brukes ved lodding, og smelter ved under 350 grader celsius.

Loddetinn inneholder et skikt av flussmiddel som gir bedre «heft». Flussmiddelet forsvinner ved lodding, og er helt nødvendig for at man skal få en god lodding. Flussmiddelet er årsaken til «lodderøyken» som kommer ved oppvarming av loddetinnet.

Et nytt direktiv med navnet RoHS sier at det i alle nye elektroniske produkter skal brukes «blyfritt loddetinn». Det er dog mange unntak, som f.eks. produkter som blir brukt i medisinsk sammenheng. Direktivet trådte i kraft 1. juli 2006.

Det skilles mellom bløtlodding og slaglodding på den ene, og hardlodding på den andre siden. For kobber- og blikkenslageren er bløtlodding mest brukt. Det gjøres med varm loddebolt og loddetinn.

Loddetinn består som regel av 50% tinn og 50% bly. Dette gir en smeltetemperatur på 200 grader. Loddebolt av kobber leder bedre varme og er hardere og mer syrebestandig.

Smeltetemperatur

  • 25% tinn 75% bly = 257 grader C
  • 30% tinn 70% bly = 250 grader C
  • 33% tinn 67% bly = 240 grader C
  • 40% tinn 60% bly = 230 grader C
  • 50% tinn 50% bly = 200 grader C
  • 60% tinn 40% bly = 185 grader C
  • 98% tinn 2% bly = 220 grader C

RoHS blyfri loddetin

En vanlig blanding er 99% tinn, kobber 0,7%, og 0,3% sølv. Dette smelter og renner uten store problemer ved 275 grader.

Lodde- og flussmiddel

Vanligvis er det tilstrekkelig med saltsyre og loddevann til rengjøring og fjerning av oksidhinner. Loddevann lages ved at man heller saltsyre opp i et lite kar, gjerne av bly.

Prosessen utvikler mye røyk og hydrogen. Ved tilstrekkelige høy konsentrasjon av hydrogen i luften vil man få knallgass, som kan være eksplosivt.

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