FNs buffersone på Kypros

FNs buffersone er markert med rødt på kartet over Kypros
Dette skiltet kunngjør grensen for buffersonen på engelsk, tyrkisk og gresk
Grenseovergangen i Ledragaten åpnet i 2008

FNs buffersone på Kypros, også kalt den grønne linjen, er en demilitarisert sone etablert etter Tyrkias invasjon i 1974. Den deler øya i to, med Republikken Kypros i sør og Den tyrkiske republikken Nord-Kypros i nord. Sonen løper skrått over øya fra Kato Pyrgos i nordvest, gjennom hovedstaden Nikosia i innlandet, til rett sør for Famagusta i sørøst. Det lille tyrkiskkypriotiske Kokkina-området i nordvest har også buffersone. I sørøst er sonen avbrutt av britiske militærbaseområder. Buffersonen er kontrollert av United Nations Peacekeeping Force in Cyprus (UNFICYP).

Etablering og utstrekning

Den demilitariserte buffersonen ble etablert etter at tyrkiske styrker erklærte våpenhvile 16. august 1974.[1] FNs fredsbevarende styrke UNFICYP, som hadde vært på Kypros siden 1964, fikk i oppdrag å patruljere linjen mellom de to partene og etablere en buffer mellom dem.

Buffersonen er omkring 180 kilometer lang. Den varierer i bredde fra 20 meter til sju kilometer. Til sammen dekker buffersonen 3 % av arealet på Kypros.[2]

Virksomhet i sonen

Det er begrenset sivil virksomhet inne i buffersonen, men UNFICYP har avsatt særskilte områder til sivil bruk. UNFICYP utsteder tillatelser til å drive byggevirksomhet og landbruk, samt arbeide og avlegge besøk i sonen.[3]

Nikosia internasjonale lufthavn ligger inne i buffersonen, ble stengt og er ikke benyttet til trafikk siden 1974.[4]

Grenseoverganger

I april 2003 åpnet den første grenseovergangen mellom de to delene av Kypros.[1] Kyprioter fra de to sidene fikk da anledning til å besøke hverandres områder for første gang siden delingen av øya i 1974.[5]

Referanser

  1. ^ a b «History» Arkivert 10. april 2013 hos Wayback Machine., UNFICYP.
  2. ^ «UNFICYP Background», United Nations peacekeeping.
  3. ^ «Buffer Zone Permits» Arkivert 21. oktober 2014 hos Wayback Machine., UNFICYP.
  4. ^ «The United Nations Protected Area (UNPA) and Nicosia Airport» Arkivert 29. april 2012 hos Wayback Machine., UNFICYP.
  5. ^ «Åpner grensa», Dagbladet.no Magasinet, 22. april 2003.

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