Balkanfjella

Utsyn mot dei sentrale Balkanfjella. Fossen Raysko Praskalo er i midten.
Elva Iskar går gjennom eit gjel i fjellet
Kozia Stena-reservatet

Balkanfjellet (bulgarsk og serbisk Стара планина, Stara planina, Gamle Fjell) er ei fjellkjede, som strekkjer seg 560 km frå austlege delar av Serbia og gjennom sentrale område av Bulgaria til Eminehalvøya ved Svartehavet. Ho er ei forlenging av Karpatane, og fråskild frå denne fjellkjeda av elva Donau.

Den høgaste toppen på Balkan er Musala i Rilafjella nær Sofia med 2 925 m, tett følgd av Ólymbos i Hellas og Vihren i Bulgaria. Dei høgaste toppane i sjølve Stara planina ligg i sentrale område av Bulgaria, og den høgaste er Botev (2 376 m), som ligg i Sentrale Balkan nasjonalpark (oppretta 1991).

Nær fjellkjeda ligg Kalofer, fødestaden til Hristo Botev, ein bulgarsk poet og nasjonalhelt som døydde vest i Stara planina nær Vratsa i 1876 i kampar mot Det ottomanske riket. Nær fjelltoppen Botev ligg Sjipkapasset, åstaden for fire slag under Den russisk-tyrkiske krigen i 1877-1878, som enda tyrkarane sitt herredøme på Balkan. Nær passet ligg landsbyen Sjipka og ei russisk-ortodoks kyrkje, som er ført opp for å hylle den bulgarske motstanden under slaga.

Stara Planina er kjend for dyre- og plantelivet i området, mellom anna edelveis i området Koziata stena.

I tidlege tider vart fjella kalla Haemus Mons. Ein meiner at Haemus kjem frå det thrakiske ordet saimon som tyder 'fjellkjede'.

Fjelltoppar

43°15′N 25°00′E / 43.250°N 25.000°E / 43.250; 25.000

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