Al-Kindi

al-Kindi

Aboe Joesoef Ja'qoeb ibn Is-haq ibn as-Sabbah ibn 'omran ibn Ismail al-Kindi (Arabisch: أبو يوسف يعقوب بن إسحاق الصبّاح الكندي c. 801 – c. 873), vaak kortweg Al-Kindi genoemd of bekend onder zijn Latijnse naam Alkindus, was een Arabisch filosoof, wiskundige, astroloog, fysicus, musicus, scheikundige en wetenschapper.

Biografie

Al-Kindi werd geboren in Koefa, in zuidelijk Mesopotamië. Al-Kindi was lid van de Banoe Kinda, een eerbiedwaardige stam die tot de oudste bondgenoten van de profeet Mohammed behoorden. Zijn vader was gouverneur van Koefa. Zijn opleiding ontving Al-Kindi in Basra en Bagdad. Hij verbleef jarenlang in het Huis der Wijsheid in Bagdad. Hij was ook hofastroloog van de Abbasiden. Onder de kaliefen al-Ma'mun en al-Mu'tasim genoot hij bescherming, maar onder de puriteinse al-Moetawakkil verloor hij zijn speciale status en werd hij zelfs door de kalief vervolgd.

Over het jaar van zijn dood bestaat nog onduidelijkheid. Sommigen houden het op 866 terwijl anderen het op 873 houden.

Werk

Al-Kindi heeft een belangrijke rol gespeeld in het introduceren van de Griekse filosofie in de Arabische wereld. Hij overzag de vertalingen die in het Huis der Wijsheid werden gemaakt, maar sprak zelf geen Grieks of Syrisch. Hij schreef zo'n 250 geschriften over alle mogelijke onderwerpen zoals filosofie, wiskunde, cryptografie, cryptoanalyse, astronomie en geneeskunde.

Hij was de eerste moslim die de Koran aan de rede toetste en daarmee was hij de grondlegger van de falasafa, moslim filosofen. Hij was sterk beïnvloed door de moe'tazilieten en zag daarom de wijsbegeerte als dienaar van de openbaringen. De kennis van de profeten, zoals Mohammed, stond ver boven de inzichten van de filosofen. Hierop verschilde Al-Kindi van de falasafa die na hem zouden komen.

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