Babylon

Koordinat: 32°32′11″N 44°25′15″E / 32.53639°N 44.42083°E / 32.53639; 44.42083

Peta menunjukkan wilayah Babylon semasa zaman Hammurabi dari tahun 1792 SM sehingga kemangkatanya pada tahun 1750 SM.

Babylon (Yunani: Βαβυλών, rumi: Babylṓn, Ibrani: בָּבֶלֶ, rumi: Bavel, Arab: بَابِل, rumi: Bābil) adalah negara-kota bagi tamadun Mesopotamia , dan tinggalannya kini ditemui di Al Hillah, Wilayah Babil, Iraq, lebih kurang 85 kilometer selatan Baghdad.

Pada hari ini, hanya terdapat longgokan dan timbunan tanah serta kesan runtuhan bangunan dan batu-bata di tanah subur Mesopotamia di antara Sungai Dajlah dan Sungai Furat di Iraq. Sumber sejarah memberitahu kota Babylon pada asalnya sebuah kota kecil yang mula bertapak pada permulaan milenium ketiga SM (bibit mulanya dinasti-dinasti). Kota ini mula menyinar dan menjadi penting dengan kebangkitan Dinasti pertama Babylon. Ia adalah sebuah kota suci rakyat Babylon dan lebih kurang tahun 2300 SM menjadi pusat bagi Empayar Baru Babylon dari tahun 612 SM. Taman Tergantung Babylon merupakan satu dari Tujuh Keajaiban Dunia.

Perkataan Babylon adalah berasal dari bahasa Akkadia "Babilu" yang bermaksud "pintu masuk Dewa". Dalam al-Quran dan Kitab Bible, nama ini disebut sebagai Babil atau Babel. Dalam Kitab Kejadian 11:9, ia bermakna "kekeliruan" (tentang bahasa) dari kata kerja "balbal" iaitu untuk "mengelirukan".


Beribu-ribu orang tinggal di Babylon dan komuniti di dalam dan di sekitarnya berkembang pesat dari penempatan padat dan padat ke pinggir bandar yang luas.[1]

  1. ^ archive.org/details/babylon-site-management-plan

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