Elista

Elista
Элиста
            
Elistos auksinė šventykla
Elista
Elista
46°22′00″ š. pl. 44°15′00″ r. ilg. / 46.36667°š. pl. 44.25000°r. ilg. / 46.36667; 44.25000 (Elista)
Valstybė Rusijos vėliava Rusija
Respublika Kalmukija Kalmukija
Gyventojų (2007) 107 000
Vikiteka Elista
Kirčiavimas Elistà (buv. Stepnòjus)

Elista (kalm. Элст) – miestas pietinėje Rusijoje, Jergenejaus stepėje; Kalmukijos sostinė. Statybinių medžiagų, lengvoji, maisto pramonė. Yra Kalmukijos valstybinis universitetas, krašto muziejus, dramos teatras. Tibetietiško stiliaus budistų vienuolynas, aukščiausia Europoje Budos skulptūra.

Istorija

1845 m. Nikolajaus I įsakymu, Kalmukų stepėse buvo pradėta sodinti miškus, tad buvo statomos gyvenvietės apgyvendinti darbininkus.[1] 1865 m. įkurta Elista. Miesto vietovardis kilo nuo kalmukų kalbos žodžio элст (liet. smėlis). 1880 m. gyveno 331 žmogus.[2] Miesto statusą įgijo 1930 m. kovo 10 d.[3] Nuo 1944 iki 1957 m. vadinosi Stepnojumi (rus. Степной).[4]

Sportas

Žymūs žmonės

  • Simonas Zalkindas (1869–1941), Lietuvos žydų kilmės gydytojas, pirmosios miesto ligoninės įkūrėjas. Jo vardu pavadinta viena iš miesto gatvių.

Šaltiniai

  1. „Город Элиста“ (rusų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2022-05-28.
  2. „Элиста – столица Калмыцкой республики“ (rusų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2022-05-28.
  3. „История Элисты“. Oficialioji Elistos miesto svetainė (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2022-05-28.
  4. „Elista“. Encyclopedia Britannica (anglų). Nuoroda tikrinta 2022-05-28.

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