Ekologiškas maistas

Europos Sąjungos sertifikuotos ekologiškos produkcijos ženklas.
Daugiausiai pasaulyje sertifikuotos ekologiškos produkcijos parduodama JAV ir ES rinkose. JAV pardavimai sudaro 43 %, ES – 38 %.[1]

Ekologiškas maistas – sertifikavimo įstaigos sertifikuoti maisto produktai, kurie nurodyti patvirtinamajame dokumente kaip ekologiški.[2] Maistas, užaugintas nenaudojant sintetinių trąšų (mineralinių trąšų), taip pat sintetinių genetiškai pakeistų organizmų, antibiotikų, herbicidų ir pesticidų. Vietoj jų naudojamos organinės trąšos, biologinė kenkėjų kontrolė. Atsižvelgiama į gyvūnų gerovės reikalavimus. Ekologiškuose maisto gaminiuose draudžiama naudoti sintetinius maisto priedus.[3]

Ekologiško ūkininkavimo šalininkai teigia, kad taip užaugintas maistas prisideda prie gamtos apsaugos (mažesnė dirvos, vandens taršos). 2016 m. Švedijos maisto tarnybos tyrimas neparodė, kad ekologiški ūkiai mažiau kenktų gamtai nei įprasti.[4]

Europos sąjungoje, JAV, Kanadoje bei kitose šalyse reikalaujama, kad ekologiška produkcija būtų sertifikuota ir pažymėta ženklu. Už tai atsakingos regioninės, nacionalinės ir tarptautinės organizacijos (JAV žemės ūkio departamentas, Europos Komisija). Daugelyje šalių nenaudojamos maisto pavadinimo asociacijos su ekologija: JAV, JK (angl. organic), Prancūzijoje, Vokietijoje (pranc. biologique, vok. biologische).

Lietuvoje

Lietuvoje ekologiškos produkcijos augintojų ir gamintojų statusą suteikia viešoji įstaiga „Ekoagros“. Ekologiškumo reikalavimus atitinkantys ūkiai gauna oficialų sertifikatą ir ženklą, kuriuo žymima ekologiška produkcija. 2016 m. sertifikuoti 2 539 ekologinės gamybos ūkiai Lietuvoje.[5] „Ekoagros“ perspėja, jog turguje vadinama ekologiška produkcija gali būti patręšta ir su chemikalais, auginta naudojant herbicidus, pesticidus, tačiau pasitaiko atvejų, kai parduodama ekologiška produkcija ir be sertifikato, mat jo neapsimoka turėti smulkiems ūkininkams.[6][7]

Taip pat skaitykite

Išnašos

  1. ↑ IFOAM EU Group, “Organic in Europe, Prospect and Developments 2016” [1] Archyvuota kopija 2017-03-20 iš Wayback Machine projekto.
  2. ↑ „EKOLOGINIO ŽEMĖS ŪKIO TAISYKLĖS“, 2017 01 03 red.
  3. ↑ ekoagros.lt Archyvuota kopija 2015-12-23 iš Wayback Machine projekto.
  4. ↑ Iida Ruishalme. Organic vs. conventional farming: Which has lower environmental impact?. https://www.geneticliteracyproject.org, liepos 25, 2016 m.
  5. ↑ „Vienintelei sertifikavimo įstaigai Lietuvoje „Ekoagros“ - 20 metų“. Ekoagros. Nuoroda tikrinta 2017-03-20.
  6. ↑ „Pusei lietuvių ekologiškas maistas – tas, kurį darže užaugino giminaičiai, pažįstami ar ūkininkai“. 15min. Nuoroda tikrinta 2017-03-19.
  7. ↑ „Ekologija turguje ir prekybos centre: koks skirtumas ir ką renkasi pirkėjai?“. 15min. Nuoroda tikrinta 2017-03-19.

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